Carotenoid biosynthetic and catabolic pathways: gene expression and carotenoid content in grains of maize landraces.
Carotenoid biosynthetic and catabolic pathways: gene expression and carotenoid content in grains of maize landraces.
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DOI：
10.3390/nu6020546
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发表时间：
2014-01-28
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Rombaldi CV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
da Silva Messias R;Galli V;Dos Anjos E Silva SD;Rombaldi CV
植物类胡萝卜素与预防几种与年龄有关的疾病有关，它们还提供维生素A前体;因此，增加玉米籽粒中类胡萝卜素的含量具有很大的意义。然而，类胡萝卜素的生物合成途径是如何被调控的还不清楚。幸运的是，玉米种质表现出高度的遗传多样性，可用于此目的。在这里，类胡萝卜素的积累和类胡萝卜素代谢和分解代谢途径的基因的表达进行了研究，在几个玉米地方品种。谷物中类胡萝卜素的含量从白色品种MC 5的10.03 μg·g-1到黄色至橙子品种MC 3的61.50 μg·g-1不等，检测到的主要类胡萝卜素是叶黄素和玉米黄质。PSY 1（phythoene synthase）的表达与总类胡萝卜素含量呈正相关。此外，PSY 1和HYD 3（铁氧还蛋白依赖性双铁单加氧酶）表达水平与β-隐黄素和玉米黄质呈正相关，而CYP 97 C（细胞色素P450型单加氧酶）表达与任何类胡萝卜素均不相关。相比之下，ZmCCD 1（类胡萝卜素双加氧酶）更高的表达在开始的粮食发展，以及在白色品种，其表达与几个类胡萝卜素的积累呈负相关，这表明，CCD 1也是一个重要的酶时，要考虑试图提高玉米中的类胡萝卜素含量。MC 27和MC 1品种显示出最高的HYD 3/CYP 97 C比率，表明它们是增加玉米黄质含量的有希望的候选者;相反，MC 14和MC7显示出低HYD 3/CYP 97 C，表明它们可能用于旨在促进维生素原A积累的生物强化努力。这项研究的结果表明，玉米种质的使用，以提供深入了解参与类胡萝卜素途径的基因的调控，从而使我们能够更好地选择有前途的品种进行生物强化的努力。
Plant carotenoids have been implicated in preventing several age-related diseases, and they also provide vitamin A precursors; therefore, increasing the content of carotenoids in maize grains is of great interest. It is not well understood, however, how the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway is regulated. Fortunately, the maize germplasm exhibits a high degree of genetic diversity that can be exploited for this purpose. Here, the accumulation of carotenoids and the expression of genes from carotenoid metabolic and catabolic pathways were investigated in several maize landraces. The carotenoid content in grains varied from 10.03, in the white variety MC5, to 61.50 μg·g−1, in the yellow-to-orange variety MC3, and the major carotenoids detected were lutein and zeaxanthin. PSY1 (phythoene synthase) expression showed a positive correlation with the total carotenoid content. Additionally, the PSY1 and HYD3 (ferredoxin-dependent di-iron monooxygenase) expression levels were positively correlated with β-cryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin, while CYP97C (cytochrome P450-type monooxygenase) expression did not correlate with any of the carotenoids. In contrast, ZmCCD1 (carotenoid dioxygenase) was more highly expressed at the beginning of grain development, as well as in the white variety, and its expression was inversely correlated with the accumulation of several carotenoids, suggesting that CCD1 is also an important enzyme to be considered when attempting to improve the carotenoid content in maize. The MC27 and MC1 varieties showed the highest HYD3/CYP97C ratios, suggesting that they are promising candidates for increasing the zeaxanthin content; in contrast, MC14 and MC7 showed low HYD3/CYP97C, suggesting that they may be useful in biofortification efforts aimed at promoting the accumulation of provitamin A. The results of this study demonstrate the use of maize germplasm to provide insight into the regulation of genes involved in the carotenoid pathway, which would thus better enable us to select promising varieties for biofortification efforts.
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影响因子：
2.9
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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7.4
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