Distinguishing Target From Distractor in Stroop, Picture–Word, and Word–Word Interference Tasks
Distinguishing Target From Distractor in Stroop, Picture–Word, and Word–Word Interference Tasks
复制标题
在斯特鲁普、图词和词词干扰任务中区分目标和干扰因素
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Claudio Mulatti
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xenia Schmalz;B. Treccani;Claudio Mulatti
词汇选择——在大声朗读和演讲过程中——包括选择一个预期的单词，同时忽略无关的词汇激活。这一过程已通过使用干扰任务进行了研究。例如Stroop任务，参与者忽略书写的颜色单词并说出墨水的颜色；图片-单词干扰任务，参与者在忽略叠加的书面单词的同时说出一张图片；单词-单词干扰（WWI）任务，参与者根据预先确定的视觉特征（如颜色、位置），给出两个单词，只需要对其中一个做出反应。在这里，我们关注的是第一次世界大战的任务：现有的模型在理论上不可能解释认知系统是如何对一个刺激做出反应并阻止另一个刺激的，当它们以相同的模态呈现时（即，它们都是单词）。我们描述了一个可以解释第一次世界大战任务表现的解决方案：借鉴有关视觉注意的文献，我们建议系统为每个感知到的对象创建一个对象文件，该文件不断更新有关刺激的越来越完整的信息，例如与任务相关的视觉特征。这样的模型可以解释所有三个任务的性能。
Lexical selection—both during reading aloud and speech production—involves selecting an intended word, while ignoring irrelevant lexical activation. This process has been studied by the use of interference tasks. Examples are the Stroop task, where participants ignore the written color word and name the color of the ink, picture–word interference tasks, where participants name a picture while ignoring a super-imposed written word, or word–word interference (WWI) tasks, where two words are presented and the participants need to respond to only one, based on an pre-determined visual feature (e.g., color, position). Here, we focus on the WWI task: it is theoretically impossible for existing models to explain how the cognitive system can respond to one stimulus and block the other, when they are presented by the same modality (i.e., they are both words). We describe a solution that can explain performance on the WWI task: drawing on the literature on visual attention, we propose that the system creates an object file for each perceived object, which is continuously updated with increasingly complete information about the stimulus, such as the task-relevant visual feature. Such a model can account for performance on all three tasks.
DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.33.3.503
发表时间：
2007-05-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Mahon, Bradford Z.;Costa, Albert;Caramazza, Alfonso
通讯作者：
Caramazza, Alfonso