Novel biological aqua crust enhances in situ metal(loid) bioremediation driven by phototrophic/diazotrophic biofilm.

Novel biological aqua crust enhances in situ metal(loid) bioremediation driven by phototrophic/diazotrophic biofilm.
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DOI:
10.1186/s40168-023-01549-3
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发表时间:
2023-05-18
期刊:
影响因子:
15.5
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学1区
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了解生物结皮中光养生物膜的生态和环境功能对于改善采矿生态系统中的类金属(如Cd、As)生物修复至关重要。本研究结合金属(类金属)监测和宏基因组学分析,系统评价了一种新型生物水结皮(biogenic aqua crust-BAC)中生物膜对典型铅锌尾矿库金属(类金属)原位生物修复的影响。我们观察到BAC中潜在的生物可利用的金属(类金属)和可见的光养生物膜的强烈积累。此外,优势类群纤舌藻科(10.2- 10.4%,蓝细菌)和噬细胞目(12.3- 22.1%,拟杆菌门)富集在生物膜中。沿着优势异养生物(如噬细胞菌属)以及固氮菌(例如丝单胞菌科属),自养生物/固氮生物(例如,纤叶藓科属)在光合生物膜中富集了编码胞外肽酶(如S9、S1家族)、CAZymes(如CBM 50、GT 2)和生物膜形成(如OmpR、CRP和LuxS)的基因,从而增强了BAC系统的养分积累和金属(类)生物修复能力。我们的研究表明,光养/重氮营养生物膜构成了含有特定自养生物(例如Leptolyngbyaceae sp.)的结构化群落。和异养生物(例如噬细胞菌属),其在水生环境中使用太阳能有效地控制金属(类金属)和营养物输入。生物膜形成机制的阐明与BAC中的金属(loid)固定化相结合,扩展了对金属(loid)的地球化学命运的基本理解,这可能被利用来增强矿区水生生态系统中的原位金属(loid)生物修复。视频摘要在线版本包含补充材料,可通过10. 1186/s40168-023-01549-3获取。
Understanding the ecological and environmental functions of phototrophic biofilms in the biological crust is crucial for improving metal(loid) (e.g. Cd, As) bioremediation in mining ecosystems. In this study, in combination with metal(loid) monitoring and metagenomic analysis, we systematically evaluated the effect of biofilm in a novel biological aqua crust (biogenic aqua crust—BAC) on in situ metal(loid) bioremediation of a representative Pb/Zn tailing pond. We observed strong accumulation of potentially bioavailable metal(loid)s and visible phototrophic biofilms in the BAC. Furthermore, dominating taxa Leptolyngbyaceae (10.2–10.4%, Cyanobacteria) and Cytophagales (12.3–22.1%, Bacteroidota) were enriched in biofilm. Along with predominant heterotrophs (e.g. Cytophagales sp.) as well as diazotrophs (e.g. Hyphomonadaceae sp.), autotrophs/diazotrophs (e.g. Leptolyngbyaceae sp.) in phototrophic biofilm enriched the genes encoding extracellular peptidase (e.g. family S9, S1), CAZymes (e.g. CBM50, GT2) and biofilm formation (e.g. OmpR, CRP and LuxS), thus enhancing the capacity of nutrient accumulation and metal(loid) bioremediation in BAC system. Our study demonstrated that a phototrophic/diazotrophic biofilm constitutes the structured communities containing specific autotrophs (e.g. Leptolyngbyaceae sp.) and heterotrophs (e.g. Cytophagales sp.), which effectively control metal(loid) and nutrient input using solar energy in aquatic environments. Elucidation of the mechanisms of biofilm formation coupled with metal(loid) immobilization in BAC expands the fundamental understanding of the geochemical fate of metal(loid)s, which may be harnessed to enhance in situ metal(loid) bioremediation in the aquatic ecosystem of the mining area. Video Abstract The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40168-023-01549-3.
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