Compact development and adherence to stay-at-home order during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal investigation in the United States.
Compact development and adherence to stay-at-home order during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal investigation in the United States.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.landurbplan.2020.103952
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发表时间：
2021-01
影响因子：
9.1
通讯作者：
Zandiatashbar A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hamidi S;Zandiatashbar A
在缺乏疫苗和医疗手段的情况下，保持社交距离仍然是各国政府减缓COVID-19等全球流行病传播和挽救数百万人生命的唯一选择。尽管科学证据的有效性的社会距离措施，他们并没有被统一实践在美国因此，紧凑的发展水平上的坚持社会距离措施的作用还没有进行实证研究。这项纵向研究采用自然的实验研究设计，调查紧凑型发展对减少前往三种目的地的旅行的影响，这些目的地代表了美国771个大都市县在COVID-19大流行期间的就地避难令期间的一系列必要和非必要旅行。我们采用多层次线性模型（MLM）进行本研究中的三项纵向分析，以模拟减少日常前往杂货店，公园和中转站的决定因素;使用来自Google的旅行数据并考虑数据的分层（两级）结构。我们发现，在紧凑的地区练习社交距离的挑战与尽量减少必要的旅行无关。相反，人口密集地区的居民前往杂货店/药店和中转站等重要目的地的出行次数明显减少。然而，人口密集县的居民减少公园出行的比例明显较低，可能是由于房屋较小，缺乏私人庭院，以及疫情期间的焦虑程度较高。本研究为未来的研究提供了一些实际意义和方向。
In the absence of a vaccine and medical treatments, social distancing remains the only option available to governments in order to slow the spread of global pandemics such as COVID-19 and save millions of lives. Despite the scientific evidence on the effectiveness of social distancing measures, they are not being practiced uniformly across the U.S. Accordingly, the role of compact development on the level of adherence to social distancing measures has not been empirically studied. This longitudinal study employs a natural experimental research design to investigative the impacts of compact development on reduction in travel to three types of destinations representing a range of essential and non-essential trips in 771 metropolitan counties in the U.S during the shelter-in-place order amid the COVID-19 pandemic. We employed Multilevel Linear Modeling (MLM) for the three longitudinal analyses in this study to model determinants of reduction in daily trips to grocery stores, parks, and transit stations; using travel data from Google and accounting for the hierarchical (two-level) structure of the data. We found that the challenges of practicing social distancing in compact areas are not related to minimizing essential trips. Quite the opposite, residents of compact areas have significantly higher reduction in trips to essential destinations such as grocery stores/pharmacies, and transit stations. However, residents of compact counties have significantly lower reduction in their trips to parks possibly due to the smaller homes, lack of private yards, and the higher level of anxiety amid the pandemic. This study offers a number of practical implications and directions for future research.
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影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Blendon, RJ;Benson, JM;Taylor-Clark, K
通讯作者：
Taylor-Clark, K
DOI：
10.1177/0002716214554756
发表时间：
2015-03-01
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tra.2006.02.003
发表时间：
2007-02-01
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
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通讯作者：
Faber, Jan