Garden and landscape-scale correlates of moths of differing conservation status: significant effects of urbanization and habitat diversity.
Garden and landscape-scale correlates of moths of differing conservation status: significant effects of urbanization and habitat diversity.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0086925
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Young H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bates AJ;Sadler JP;Grundy D;Lowe N;Davis G;Baker D;Bridge M;Freestone R;Gardner D;Gibson C;Hemming R;Howarth S;Orridge S;Shaw M;Tams T;Young H
蛾类在植被覆盖的陆地环境中数量丰富且普遍存在，是传粉者，野生植物的重要食草动物，也是鸟类，蝙蝠和啮齿动物的食物。近年来，许多曾经丰富和广泛分布的物种出现了急剧下降，一些人认为这表明昆虫生物多样性危机正在蔓延。这些下降的可能原因包括农业集约化、光污染、气候变化和城市化;然而，真实的根本原因仍然有待猜测。我们使用收集的数据，从公民科学花园蛾计划（GMS），探索丰富的195种广泛分布的英国蛾，花园栖息地和景观特征之间的空间关联，看看空间栖息地和景观协会不同的物种不同的保护状态。我们发现，与栖息地和景观组成的协会是物种特异性的，但有一致的趋势，物种丰富度和总蛾丰度。花园更多样化和广泛的微栖息地与较高的物种丰富度和蛾丰度;花园附近的海岸与较高的丰富度和蛾丰度;和花园在更城市化的位置与较低的物种丰富度和蛾丰度。根据世界自然保护联盟（IUCN）的标准，被归类为增加、减少和脆弱的物种也出现了同样的趋势。然而，城市化对脆弱物种的负面影响比增加物种的负面影响更大。提出了两个假设来解释这一观察结果：（1）导致脆弱物种减少的潜在因素（例如，可能性包括碎片化，栖息地恶化，农业化学污染）在英国的城市地区是相同的，但这些有害影响在城市地区更强烈;和/或（2）城市地区可以作为生态陷阱的一些脆弱的蛾类，光吸引他们从周围的景观到次优的城市栖息地。
Moths are abundant and ubiquitous in vegetated terrestrial environments and are pollinators, important herbivores of wild plants, and food for birds, bats and rodents. In recent years, many once abundant and widespread species have shown sharp declines that have been cited by some as indicative of a widespread insect biodiversity crisis. Likely causes of these declines include agricultural intensification, light pollution, climate change, and urbanization; however, the real underlying cause(s) is still open to conjecture. We used data collected from the citizen science Garden Moth Scheme (GMS) to explore the spatial association between the abundance of 195 widespread British species of moth, and garden habitat and landscape features, to see if spatial habitat and landscape associations varied for species of differing conservation status. We found that associations with habitat and landscape composition were species-specific, but that there were consistent trends in species richness and total moth abundance. Gardens with more diverse and extensive microhabitats were associated with higher species richness and moth abundance; gardens near to the coast were associated with higher richness and moth abundance; and gardens in more urbanized locations were associated with lower species richness and moth abundance. The same trends were also found for species classified as increasing, declining and vulnerable under IUCN (World Conservation Union) criteria. However, vulnerable species were more strongly negatively affected by urbanization than increasing species. Two hypotheses are proposed to explain this observation: (1) that the underlying factors causing declines in vulnerable species (e.g., possibilities include fragmentation, habitat deterioration, agrochemical pollution) across Britain are the same in urban areas, but that these deleterious effects are more intense in urban areas; and/or (2) that urban areas can act as ecological traps for some vulnerable species of moth, the light drawing them in from the surrounding landscape into sub-optimal urban habitats.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08132.x
发表时间：
2004-10-01
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Cinzano, P;Elvidge, CD
通讯作者：
Elvidge, CD
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Bates, Adam J.;Sadler, Jon P.;Young, Heather
通讯作者：
Young, Heather
DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04882.x
发表时间：
2001-12-11
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Cinzano, P;Falchi, F;Elvidge, CD
通讯作者：
Elvidge, CD
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Deguines N;Julliard R;de Flores M;Fontaine C
通讯作者：
Fontaine C
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Buse, A;Dury, SJ;Good, JEG
通讯作者：
Good, JEG