Exposures of children to organophosphate pesticides and their potential adverse health effects.
Exposures of children to organophosphate pesticides and their potential adverse health effects.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.99107s3409
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发表时间：
1999-06
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Castorina R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eskenazi B;Bradman A;Castorina R
最近的研究表明，幼儿在对其环境及其与地板和其他表面的皮肤接触程度进行正常的口腔探索时，可能会接触到杀虫剂。生活在农业地区的儿童可能比其他儿童接触到更高的农药水平，因为家庭成员跟踪农药进入他们的家中，农药漂移，他们农场工人母亲的母乳，或在附近田地里玩耍。然而，很少有研究评估儿童接触农药的程度，也没有研究研究长期接触是否会对健康造成不利影响。有大量毒理学证据表明，反复低水平暴露于有机磷(OP)农药可能会影响发育中动物的神经发育和生长。例如，动物研究已经报道了在宫内(斜体)和出生后早期暴露(斜体)的新生儿的神经行为影响，如迷宫表现、运动和平衡方面的损害。这些影响的可能机制包括抑制脑乙酰胆碱酯酶，下调毒扁豆碱受体，减少大脑DNA合成，以及后代大脑重量减轻。研究结果还表明，OP暴露可能通过自主神经系统的失调与儿童呼吸系统疾病有关，这在生物学上是合理的。加州大学伯克利分校儿童环境健康研究中心正在努力建立社区-大学合作伙伴关系，以研究农村儿童的环境健康。位于加利福尼亚州蒙特利县的萨利纳斯母亲和儿童健康评估中心(CHAMACOS)将评估(斜体)宫内和产后OP农药暴露，以及暴露与儿童神经发育、生长和呼吸道疾病症状的关系。该中心的最终目标是将研究成果转化为减少儿童接触杀虫剂和其他环境制剂，从而减少与环境有关的疾病的发生率。
Recent studies show that young children can be exposed to pesticides during normal oral exploration of their environment and their level of dermal contact with floors and other surfaces. Children living in agricultural areas may be exposed to higher pesticide levels than other children because of pesticides tracked into their homes by household members, by pesticide drift, by breast milk from their farmworker mother, or by playing in nearby fields. Nevertheless, few studies have assessed the extent of children's pesticide exposure, and no studies have examined whether there are adverse health effects of chronic exposure. There is substantial toxicologic evidence that repeated low-level exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides may affect neurodevelopment and growth in developing animals. For example, animal studies have reported neurobehavorial effects such as impairment on maze performance, locomotion, and balance in neonates exposed (italic)in utero(/italic) and during early postnatal life. Possible mechanisms for these effects include inhibition of brain acetylcholinesterase, downregulation of muscarinic receptors, decreased brain DNA synthesis, and reduced brain weight in offspring. Research findings also suggest that it is biologically plausible that OP exposure may be related to respiratory disease in children through dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system. The University of California Berkeley Center for Children's Environmental Health Research is working to build a community-university partnership to study the environmental health of rural children. This Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas, or CHAMACOS in Monterey County, California, will assess (italic)in utero(/italic) and postnatal OP pesticide exposure and the relationship of exposure to neurodevelopment, growth, and symptoms of respiratory illness in children. The ultimate goal of the center is to translate research findings into a reduction of children's exposure to pesticides and other environmental agents, and thereby reduce the incidence of environmentally related disease.
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DOI：
10.1016/0926-6917(93)90001-7
发表时间：
1993-12-01
期刊：
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY-ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY SECTION
影响因子：
--
作者：
BALDUINI, W;CIMINO, M;CATTABENI, F
通讯作者：
CATTABENI, F
影响因子：
6.1
作者：
BERGE, GN;NAFSTAD, I;FONNUM, F
通讯作者：
FONNUM, F
影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Buckley, TJ;Liddle, J;Akland, G
通讯作者：
Akland, G
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Atterberry, TT;Burnett, WT;Chambers, JE
通讯作者：
Chambers, JE
DOI：
10.1080/15287399109531527
发表时间：
1991-01-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
影响因子：
--
作者：
BANERJEE, J;GHOSH, P;BHATTACHARYA, S
通讯作者：
BHATTACHARYA, S