Variation in cannabis potency and prices in a newly legal market: evidence from 30 million cannabis sales in Washington state.
Variation in cannabis potency and prices in a newly legal market: evidence from 30 million cannabis sales in Washington state.
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DOI：
10.1111/add.13886
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发表时间：
2017-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Midgette G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smart R;Caulkins JP;Kilmer B;Davenport S;Midgette G
(1)评估合法大麻零售市场上销售的产品类型和效力的市场份额的趋势和变化，以及(2)估计效力和购买数量如何影响大麻花的价格变化。对2014年7月7日至2016年9月30日华盛顿州大麻可追溯系统公开数据的二次分析。描述性统计和线性回归评估了大麻产品品种和效力的变化和趋势。享乐回归估计购买数量和效力如何影响大麻花的价格变化。华盛顿州，美国。(1) 444821.76亿大麻购买量，其中(2)剔除价格和数量异常值后的大麻花购买量为31,052123。主要结局指标为(1)按产品类型划分的大麻月支出、δ -9-四氢大麻酚（THC）总浓度和大麻二酚（CBD）浓度；(2)每克大麻花的含税价格。享乐价格回归的关键协变量包括购买量、四氢大麻酚和CBD。传统的大麻花仍然占大部分（66.6%），但吸入提取物的市场份额在2014年10月至2016年9月期间增长了145.8%，目前占销售额的21.2%。大麻提取物的四氢大麻酚平均含量是大麻花的三倍多（68.7%比20.6%）。对于花卉产品，每克价格与两种THC之间的关系均具有统计学意义[系数= 0.012；95%可信区间(CI) = 0.011 ~ 0.013]和CBD[系数= 0.017；CI = 0.015 ~ 0.019]。估计的折扣弹性为- 0.06 [CI = - 0.07至- 0.05]。在美国华盛顿州，合法大麻市场目前以高四氢大麻酚大麻花为主，提取物支出不断增长。对于大麻花来说，四氢大麻酚和CBD的每克价格都较高，而且数量折扣虽小，但意义重大。
To (1) assess trends and variation in the market share of product types and potency sold in a legal cannabis retail market, and (2) estimate how potency and purchase quantity influence price variation for cannabis flower. Secondary analysis of publicly available data from Washington State’s cannabis traceability system spanning July 7, 2014 to September 30, 2016. Descriptive statistics and linear regressions assessed variation and trends in cannabis product variety and potency. Hedonic regressions estimated how purchase quantity and potency influence cannabis flower price variation. Washington State, USA. (1) 44,482,176 million cannabis purchases, including (2) 31,052,123 cannabis flower purchases after trimming price and quantity outliers. Primary outcome measures were (1) monthly expenditures on cannabis, total delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) concentration, and cannabidiol (CBD) concentration by product type; and (2) excise-tax-inclusive price per gram of cannabis flower. Key covariates for the hedonic price regressions included quantity purchased, THC, and CBD. Traditional cannabis flowers still account for the majority of spending (66.6%), but the market share of extracts for inhalation increased by 145.8% between October 2014 and September 2016, now composing 21.2% of sales. The average THC-level for cannabis extracts is more than triple that for cannabis flowers (68.7% compared to 20.6%). For flower products, there is a statistically significant relationship between price per gram and both THC [coefficient = 0.012; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.011 to 0.013] and CBD [coefficient = 0.017; CI = 0.015 to 0.019]. The estimated discount elasticity is −0.06 [CI = −0.07 to −0.05]. In the state of Washington, USA, the legal cannabis market is currently dominated by high-THC cannabis flower, and features growing expenditures on extracts. For cannabis flower, both THC and CBD are associated with higher per-gram prices, and there are small but significant quantity discounts.
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DOI：
10.1056/nejmra1402309
发表时间：
2014-06-05
期刊：
The New England journal of medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Volkow ND;Baler RD;Compton WM;Weiss SR
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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作者：
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影响因子：
3.7
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CAULKINS, JP;PADMAN, R
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影响因子：
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作者：
Clements, Kenneth W.
通讯作者：
Clements, Kenneth W.