Environment, migratory tendency, phylogeny and basal metabolic rate in birds.
Environment, migratory tendency, phylogeny and basal metabolic rate in birds.
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鸟类的环境，迁徙趋势，系统发育和基础代谢率。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0003261
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发表时间：
2008-09-23
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
McKechnie, Andrew E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jetz, Walter;Freckleton, Robert P.;McKechnie, Andrew E.
基础代谢率（BMR）代表了恒温动物的最低维持能量需求，对动物与环境之间的相互作用具有深远的影响。鸟类的基础代谢率表现出相当大的变化，是独立的体重。一些长途移徙者的基础代谢率特别高，传统上被解释为与长途移徙的能量需求有关。在这里，我们使用全球数据集来评估移民和非移民之间的BMR差异，并研究环境变量的影响。迁徙物种的BMR显著高于非迁徙物种。有趣的是，虽然迁徙者在繁殖地的BMR升高可能反映了长距离迁徙所需的代谢机制，但另一种（统计上更强的）解释是他们占据了主要是寒冷的高纬度繁殖区。在几个环境预测因子中，年平均温度对BMR的影响最大，20°C的梯度会使BMR降低50%。温度变量对BMR的负效应对移民和非移民是分开的，而不是由于他们不同的气候关联。在移民的BMR显示出较低程度的系统发育惯性。我们的研究结果表明，移民的移民倾向不一定被援引来解释较高的BMR的移民。一个较弱的系统发育信号中观察到的移民支持的概念，在这一组，促进迁移相关的BMR调整，发生以上和超越环境条件的表型的灵活性。与以往哺乳动物基础代谢率分析的结果相反，初级生产力、干旱或降水变化似乎不是鸟类基础代谢率的重要环境相关因素。温度相关的变量和不同的系统发育效应的强烈影响重申了解决大规模和个人规模的变化，了解BMR的决定因素的重要性。
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) represents the minimum maintenance energy requirement of an endotherm and has far-reaching consequences for interactions between animals and their environments. Avian BMR exhibits considerable variation that is independent of body mass. Some long-distance migrants have been found to exhibit particularly high BMR, traditionally interpreted as being related to the energetic demands of long-distance migration. Here we use a global dataset to evaluate differences in BMR between migrants and non-migrants, and to examine the effects of environmental variables. The BMR of migrant species is significantly higher than that of non-migrants. Intriguingly, while the elevated BMR of migrants on their breeding grounds may reflect the metabolic machinery required for long-distance movements, an alternative (and statistically stronger) explanation is their occupation of predominantly cold high-latitude breeding areas. Among several environmental predictors, average annual temperature has the strongest effect on BMR, with a 50% reduction associated with a 20°C gradient. The negative effects of temperature variables on BMR hold separately for migrants and non-migrants and are not due their different climatic associations. BMR in migrants shows a much lower degree of phylogenetic inertia. Our findings indicate that migratory tendency need not necessarily be invoked to explain the higher BMR of migrants. A weaker phylogenetic signal observed in migrants supports the notion of strong phenotypic flexibility in this group which facilitates migration-related BMR adjustments that occur above and beyond environmental conditions. In contrast to the findings of previous analyses of mammalian BMR, primary productivity, aridity or precipitation variability do not appear to be important environmental correlates of avian BMR. The strong effects of temperature-related variables and varying phylogenetic effects reiterate the importance of addressing both broad-scale and individual-scale variation for understanding the determinants of BMR.
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影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Elgar, M. A.;Harvey, P. H.
通讯作者：
Harvey, P. H.
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2005.3415
发表时间：
2006-04-22
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
McKechnie, AE;Freckleton, RP;Jetz, W
通讯作者：
Jetz, W
影响因子：
2
作者：
BENNETT, PM;HARVEY, PH
通讯作者：
HARVEY, PH
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Kvist, A;Lindström, Å
通讯作者：
Lindström, Å
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Garland, T;Ives, AR
通讯作者：
Ives, AR