Distractor inhibition predicts individual differences in the attentional blink.
Distractor inhibition predicts individual differences in the attentional blink.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0003330
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发表时间：
2008-10-03
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Marois R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dux PE;Marois R
注意瞬脱（attentional blink，AB）是指在快速连续视觉呈现（rapid serial visual presentation，RSVP）干扰流中，当第二个目标出现在距离第一个目标（T1）200-600 ms内时，人类对第二个目标（T2）的感知能力受损。在这里，我们研究了人类抑制RSVP流中干扰物的能力是否是T1表现和AB幅度个体差异的关键决定因素。我们向受试者提供包含白色干扰项、红色T1和绿色T2的RSVP字母流（93.3 ms/item）。受试者抑制干扰物的能力通过确定他们的第二目标表现被与T2具有相同身份的前一干扰物引发的程度来评估。个体受试者从这个分心物的T2启动幅度被发现与他们的T1准确性呈负相关，与他们的AB幅度呈正相关。特别地，具有减毒AB的受试者显示负启动（即，当启动干扰物出现在RSVP流中时与不存在时相比T2表现更差），而具有大AB的那些显示正启动（即，当启动干扰项出现在RSVP流中时，与不存在启动干扰项时相比，T2性能更好）。因此，受试者抑制干扰物的能力，T2启动幅度评估，预测他们的T1性能和AB幅度。这些结果证实，干扰抑制在RSVP目标选择中起着关键作用，并支持AB结果的假设，至少部分地，从干扰抑制失败。
The attentional blink (AB) refers to humans' impaired ability to detect the second of two targets (T2) in a rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) stream of distractors if it appears within 200–600 ms of the first target (T1). Here we examined whether humans' ability to inhibit distractors in the RSVP stream is a key determinant of individual differences in T1 performance and AB magnitude. We presented subjects with RSVP streams (93.3 ms/item) of letters containing white distractors, a red T1 and a green T2. Subjects' ability to suppress distractors was assessed by determining the extent to which their second target performance was primed by a preceding distractor that shared the same identity as T2. Individual subjects' magnitude of T2 priming from this distractor was found to be negatively correlated with their T1 accuracy and positively related to their AB magnitude. In particular, subjects with attenuated ABs showed negative priming (i.e., worse T2 performance when the priming distractor appeared in the RSVP stream compared to when it was absent), whereas those with large ABs displayed positive priming (i.e., better T2 performance when the priming distractor appeared in the RSVP stream compared to when it was absent). Thus, a subject's ability to suppress distractors, as assessed by T2 priming magnitude, predicted both their T1 performance and AB magnitude. These results confirm that distractor suppression plays a key role in RSVP target selection and support the hypothesis that the AB results, at least in part, from a failure of distractor inhibition.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
Pelli, DG
通讯作者：
Pelli, DG
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Di Lollo, V;Kawahara, J;Enns, JT
通讯作者：
Enns, JT
DOI：
10.1037/0096-1523.23.4.1014
发表时间：
1997-08-01
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Maki, WS;Frigen, K;Paulson, K
通讯作者：
Paulson, K
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Dux, Paul E.;Harris, Irina M.
通讯作者：
Harris, Irina M.
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Olivers, Christian N. L.;van der Stigchel, Stefan;Hulleman, Johan
通讯作者：
Hulleman, Johan