Studies on Hemolymph Ice Nucleator Involved in Insect Cold Tolerance

冰成核剂，在温度高于 那些通常会形成冰的地方， 在广泛的科学学科的重要研究课题 从大气科学到农业（农作物损失导致 从冰成核细菌）到低温保存。 我们研究了 具有冰核活性的血蛋白的生物学和生物化学 是某些昆虫 能在冰冻的体液中存活下来 已经假定 成核剂在冰形成之前引起血液中的冰形成 从而促进过冷状态的形成 在细胞内，并防止在细胞内形成冰晶， 细胞 该项目继续这些研究，特别是 与耐冷冻的幼虫产生的血脂蛋白有关 三纹大蚊 主要的研究工作集中在 是什么让脂蛋白成为冰核因子 脂蛋白相当 有趣的是，由于某些相似的组成与 细菌冰核因子，涉及严重的冻结相关 对某些农作物造成损害。 总的来说，结果应该 提高我们对抗寒性调控的认识， 昆虫的耐寒性

Ice nucleators, which initiate ice formation at temperatures above those at which ice formation would normally occur, have become important research topics in a wide range of scientific disciplines ranging from atmospheric science to agriculture (crop damage resulting from ice nucleating bacteria) to cryopreservation. We have studied the biology and biochemistry of blood proteins with ice nucleator activity that are important components of the ability of certain insects to survive the freezing of their body fluids. It has been postulated that the nucleators cause ice formation in the blood prior to ice formation in the tissue thereby facilitating formation of a supercooled state within the cells and a prevention of ice crystal formation in the cells. This project continues those studies and is particularly concerned with blood lipoproteins produced by freeze tolerant larvae of the cranefly Tipula trivittata. The major research effort focuses on what makes this lipoprotein an ice nucleator. The lipoprotein is quite interesting because of certain similarities in composition with the bacterial ice nucleator which is involved in serious freeze related damage to certain agricultural crops. Overall, the results should increase our understanding of the regulation of cold-hardiness and freeze tolerance in insects.