Third Conference on the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory,Irvine, California, October 14-17, 1987

这一行动是为了对第三届学习和记忆神经生物学会议提供部分支持。这次会议是由学习和记忆神经生物学中心组织的，将由来自世界各地的领先研究人员进行演讲和讨论。会议的主题将是大脑皮层和皮质下回路的设计与记忆的特定方面或类型的出现之间的关系，包括那些涉及认知的方面。与这一主题相关的三个问题将在连续几天进行讨论。首先，将探讨记忆形式的问题；会议第一天的发言者将讨论大脑中共存的多少种类型的记忆系统以及它们之间存在的神经生物学和心理关系的问题。对记忆底物的描述，无论是在细胞化学方面还是在神经网络方面，往往无法具体说明什么是“记忆”。这种做法造成了相当大的不必要的混乱。因此，会议将从广泛的学习范式和准备(从无脊椎动物的条件作用到人类的情景记忆)的特点开始，并寻求确定共同点和不同点。几乎所有的学习理论家都认为，人类和其他大脑哺乳动物对记忆的大部分存储和处理是通过贯穿新皮质的网络完成的，并将其与杏仁核和海马体等特定的皮质下区域连接起来。会议的第二天将关注大脑皮层回路的组织，我们对其可塑性的了解，以及如何利用它们的特殊功能进行纪念手术。令人惊讶的是，很少有人尝试将新皮质的神经生物学与记忆的整合和分割等更高的心理功能联系起来；在许多意义上，将针对这一问题的第二次会议将开辟新的天地。会议的第三天，也是最后一天，将使用计算机模型探索大脑皮层记忆系统。将讨论一系列网络模型，从那些基于生理学的模型到更纯粹的理论结构。总而言之，这次会议旨在按顺序探讨三个相关问题：1)有多少种形式的记忆？2)这些形式与大脑皮层特有的特殊回路有什么关系？以及3)这些电路必须执行什么类型的计算操作才能产生内存？

This action is to provide partial support for the Third Conference on the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory. This conference is being organized by the Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory and will offer presentations and discussion by leading investigators from around the world. The topic of the conference will be the relationship between the design of cortical and cortico- subcortical circuitries and the emergence of particular aspects or types of memory, including those involved in cognition. Three issues related to this topic will be discussed on successive days. First, the question of the forms of memory will be explored; speakers on the first day of the meeting will address the question of how many types of memory systems co-exist in brain as well as the neurobiological and psychological relationships existing between them. Descriptions of the substrates of memory, either in terms of cellular chemistries or neural networks, very often fail to specify what is meant by "memory". This practice has generated considerable an unnecessary confusion. Accordingly, the conference will begin with an extended analysis of the characteristics of a wide range of learning paradigms and preparations (from conditioning in invertebrates to episodic memory in humans) and seek to identify commonalities and differences. Nearly all learning theorists assume that most of the storage and processing of memory by humans and other big- brained mammals is accomplished by networks which run through the neocortex and connect it with specific subcortical regions such as the amygdala and hippocampus. The second day of the conference will be concerned with the organized of cortical circuitries, what we know of their plasticity, and how their specialized features might be utilized for memorial operations. Surprisingly enough, there have been very few attempts to link the neurobiology of neocortex with higher psychological functions such as integration and partitioning of memory; in many senses, the second session, which will be directed at this issue, will be breaking new ground. The third and last day of the meeting will explore cortical memory systems using computer models. A spectrum of network models will be discussed, ranging from those grounded in physiology to more purely theoretical constructions. In summary, the conference is designed to explore in sequence three related questions: 1) How many forms of memory are there? 2) How do these forms relate to the specialized circuitry that characterizes cortex? and 3) What types of computational operations must these circuits perform in order to produce memory?