Mesoscale Cloud Systems and Their Effects on Larger Scales of Motion

“中尺度云系统及其对更大尺度运动的影响”许多对理解和预测破坏人类活动的天气至关重要的因素发生在气象学家所说的中尺度上。中尺度现象不能很好地由业务天气网络采样；因此，通过专门设计研究中尺度过程的情景现场实验取得了进展。首席研究员将研究广泛的中尺度问题，使用在NSF资助的研究项目中收集的数据。中尺度对流系统的对流和层状区域的数值模式将应用于全球大气研究计划的大西洋热带实验（GATE）和俄克拉荷马-堪萨斯风暴中心初步区域实验（PRE-STORM）期间收集的分析数据集并进行测试。STORM代表风暴规模、业务和研究气象学。在风暴前和飓风诺伯特期间观测到的中尺度对流系统的多多普勒衍生风场将被构建并用于水、热、动量和风环流预算的定量诊断研究。与这些风暴系统相关的动量、风环流和大尺度环境加热的垂直分布将根据这些数据进行估计。这些计算对于中尺度研究具有重要意义，因为这些中尺度系统对大尺度环流的影响是一种未知的能量传递机制，对控制天气具有重要意义。

"Mesoscale Cloud Systems and Their Effects on Larger Scales of Motion" Many of the factors that are critical for understanding and predicting weather that is disruptive to human activity occur on what meteorologists term the mesoscale. Mesoscale phenomena are not well sampled by the operational weather network; therefore, progress is made through episodic field experiments specifically designed to study mesoscale processes. The principal investigator will study a broad range of mesoscale problems using data collected during NSF sponsored research programs. Numerical models of the convective and stratiform regions of mesoscale convective systems will be applied to and tested on analyzed data sets collected during the Global Atmospheric Research Program's Atlantic Tropical Experiment (GATE) and the Oklahoma-Kansas Preliminary Regional Experiment for STORM-Central (PRE-STORM: STORM stands for Stormscale Operational and Research Meteorology). Multiple Doppler derived wind fields of mesoscale convective systems observed during the PRE-STORM and of Hurricane Norbert will be constructed and used for quantitative diagnostic studies of the budgets of water, heat, momentum and wind circulation. The vertical distribution of momentum, wind circulation and large-scale environmental heating associated with these storm systems will be estimated from this data. Such calculations are of great importance to mesoscale research since the effect of these mesoscale systems on the larger scale circulation is an unknown energy transfer mechanism which is of great importance in controlling the weather.