Stream Responses to Uplift, Northern Canterbury, New Zealand

新西兰霍普断层附近的溪流 迅速向晚第四纪隆升和气候变化， 是开发新概念的理想选择。 这些强大 大约3万年前，河流在基岩中切割出宽阔的海峡， 现在也是 3万年前的确认 估算和测量河道下切量 从那时起，将（1）识别活动断层和褶皱，（2） 为晚第四纪隆升区域图提供资料 rates. 此地图将用于区分本地和区域 构造样式不同的分区 太平洋斜向辐合的结果， 澳大利亚车牌 河流梯度指数描述了 通道坡度，并将用于进一步检查数量 最近的断层活动，并研究上游迁移的速度， 急流和瀑布是由河流断层造成的， 不同数量的力量。 阶地踏板和斯特拉特表面 也将被评估为时间线迅速通过 变形的风景 溪流阶地在西部的山谷中很常见， 美国，但不适合高效和完整的 构造模型的检验， 新西兰梯田。 由此产生的概念和方法 研究将适用于许多其他构造活动 不同气候、岩石可蚀性、阶地年龄、 和能量流 在新西兰进行全面测试后， 建议的模型应作为一种新的方法，以更好地定义 美国西部地震高风险地区。

New Zealand streams near the Hope fault have responded rapidly to late Quaternary uplift and climatic changes, and thus are ideal for the development of new concepts. These powerful streams cut broad straths in bedrock at about 30,000 years ago, and at the present. Confirmation of the 30,000 years age estimate, and measuring amounts of stream-channel downcutting since then, will (1) identify active faults and folds and (2) provide the data for a regional map of late Quaternary uplift rates. This map will be used to separate local from regional uplift and to describe subareas with different tectonic styles that have results from the oblique convergence of the Pacific and Australian plates. Stream-gradient indices describe variations in channel slope and will be used to further examine amounts of recent faulting and to study rates of upstream migration of rapids and waterfalls caused by faulting in streams in with different amounts of power. Terrace tread and strath surfaces will also be evaluated as time lines passing through rapidly deforming landscapes. Stream terraces are common in the valleys of the western United States, but are not as suitable for efficient and complete testing of the tectonic model as the more abundant and extensive New Zealand terraces. Concepts and methods resulting from this study will be applicable to many other tectonically active regions, with different climates, rock erodibility, terrace ages, and streams power. After thorough testing in New Zealand, the proposed model should be used as a new approach to better define areas of high seismic risk in the western United States.