RAPID: Immediate Responses during a Major Nighttime Tsunami Event

与RAPID奖相关的研究调查了家庭和应急管理人员对2024年地震和随后的海啸的反应，特别关注了未被探索的夜间灾害反应现象。通过研究社会和环境动态、过去的经验以及2019冠状病毒病带来的挑战如何影响海啸应对，本项目获得了必要的见解，以改进未来海啸的规划工作。通过这项研究获得的知识为改善美国和全世界夜间地震和海啸的准备、反应和恢复提供了重要信息。具体而言，研究结果直接告知应急管理人员夜间灾害应对的有效战略和对避难所的偏好，从而提高面临类似风险的社区的复原力。为了推进理论，本研究项目利用结构方程建模方法，通过调查社会和物理环境背景对个人海啸疏散风险感知和决策的影响，建立并增强了保护行动决策模型（PADM）。采用融合的混合方法设计，结合调查和访谈，为本项目收集的数据提供了受影响家庭和应急管理专业人员对决策的全面了解。依靠经过验证的仪器可以将研究结果与现有研究进行比较，并将PADM扩展到包括夜间灾害响应。当地合作伙伴和各种传播方法的结合确保了该项目弥合了研究见解和实际应用之间的差距，最终建立了更安全、更有弹性的社区，以应对夜间灾害。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Research completed in association with this RAPID award examines household and emergency managers’ responses to a 2024 Earthquake and subsequent tsunami, with a specific focus on the under-explored phenomenon of nighttime disaster response. By studying how social and environmental dynamics, past experiences, and the challenges posed by COVID-19 shaped tsunami response, this project generates insights necessary to improve planning efforts for future tsunamis. The knowledge gained through this study provides important information for improving nighttime earthquake and tsunami preparedness, response, and recovery in the United States and worldwide. Specifically, the findings directly inform emergency managers about effective strategies for nighttime disaster responses and preferences regarding shelters, thereby enhancing the resilience of communities facing similar risks.To advance theory, this research project builds on and enhances the Protective Action Decision Model (PADM) by investigating the impact of social and physical environmental contexts on individuals' risk perceptions and decisions regarding tsunami evacuation, utilizing a Structural Equation Modeling approach. Using a convergent mixed methods design employing a combination of surveys and interviews, data collected for this project provides a comprehensive understanding of decision making from both affected households and emergency management professionals. Reliance on validated instruments allows for comparing research findings to existing studies and expanding the PADM to encompass nighttime disaster responses. The incorporation of local partners and a variety of dissemination methods ensures that this project bridges the gap between research insights and practical applications, ultimately fostering safer and more resilient communities facing nighttime hazards.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.