RAPID: Immediate Responses during a Major Nighttime Tsunami Event

与这一快速奖相关完成的研究审查了家庭和应急管理人员对2024年地震和随后的海啸的反应，特别侧重于未被充分探索的夜间灾害反应现象。通过研究社会和环境动态、过去的经验和新冠肺炎带来的挑战如何影响海啸应对，该项目产生了改善未来海啸规划工作所必需的见解。通过这项研究获得的知识为改善美国和世界各地夜间地震和海啸的准备、反应和恢复提供了重要信息。具体地说，研究结果直接向应急管理者提供关于夜间灾害应对的有效战略和关于避难所的偏好，从而增强面临类似风险的社区的韧性。为了推进理论，本研究项目建立并改进了保护行动决策模型(PADM)，利用结构方程建模方法调查社会和自然环境背景对个人关于海啸疏散的风险感知和决策的影响。使用融合的混合方法设计，采用调查和访谈相结合的方法，为该项目收集的数据提供了对受影响家庭和应急管理专业人员决策的全面了解。依靠经过验证的工具，可以将研究结果与现有研究进行比较，并将PADM扩展到涵盖夜间灾难应对。当地合作伙伴的加入和各种传播方法确保了该项目弥合了研究见解和实际应用之间的差距，最终培养了面临夜间危险的更安全、更具弹性的社区。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Research completed in association with this RAPID award examines household and emergency managers’ responses to a 2024 Earthquake and subsequent tsunami, with a specific focus on the under-explored phenomenon of nighttime disaster response. By studying how social and environmental dynamics, past experiences, and the challenges posed by COVID-19 shaped tsunami response, this project generates insights necessary to improve planning efforts for future tsunamis. The knowledge gained through this study provides important information for improving nighttime earthquake and tsunami preparedness, response, and recovery in the United States and worldwide. Specifically, the findings directly inform emergency managers about effective strategies for nighttime disaster responses and preferences regarding shelters, thereby enhancing the resilience of communities facing similar risks.To advance theory, this research project builds on and enhances the Protective Action Decision Model (PADM) by investigating the impact of social and physical environmental contexts on individuals' risk perceptions and decisions regarding tsunami evacuation, utilizing a Structural Equation Modeling approach. Using a convergent mixed methods design employing a combination of surveys and interviews, data collected for this project provides a comprehensive understanding of decision making from both affected households and emergency management professionals. Reliance on validated instruments allows for comparing research findings to existing studies and expanding the PADM to encompass nighttime disaster responses. The incorporation of local partners and a variety of dissemination methods ensures that this project bridges the gap between research insights and practical applications, ultimately fostering safer and more resilient communities facing nighttime hazards.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.