Prestige Scores for all Occupations: Replication and Extension

本研究的目的是制定、评估和传播职业声望的衡量标准，复制20世纪60年代美国职业声望得分。当时研制的音阶被广泛使用，但已过时。拟议的研究将包括：(1)对1960年声望研究的正式复制（有选择的改进），但加入更多的职业、更多的受访者和从1980年人口普查分类系统产生的头衔，以及(2)开始对职业声望随时间的趋势进行一些初步调查。为了实现这些目标，将对正在进行的具有代表性的成人抽样全国调查，即综合社会调查，增加一套补充问题。目标是制定一项声望指数，该指数既经过改进，又符合最新情况，反映目前公众对职业排名的共识。“声望”是一个理论概念，它催生了几代人和几代人之间向上（和向下）社会流动的研究。重新校准声望比额表的理由是：(a)由于1980年人口普查分类制度与以前的版本相比发生了巨大变化，因此需要新的估计数；(b)需要为许多在1960年代不存在的新标题编制估计数；(c)对声望评价的稳定和变化问题的实质性兴趣，这是美国价值体系的核心特征。这个项目将产生一个有价值的声望指数，供整个社会科学界使用。

The objectives of this study are to develop, assess and disseminate measures of occupational prestige, replicating the prestige scores generated for occupations in the United States in the 1960s. The scales developed at that time are widely used but out of date. The proposed study will include (1) formal replication -- with selected improvements -- of the original 1960 prestige study, but with more occupations, more respondents, and titles generated for and from the 1980 Census classification system, and (2) begin some preliminary investigations of trends in occupational prestige over time. These objectives will be accomplished by adding a supplementary set of questions to an on-going national survey of a representative sample of adults, the General Social Survey. The goal is to develop a prestige index that is both improved and up-to-date, reflecting current public consensus as to the ranking of occupations. "Prestige" is a theoretical concept that has generated studies of upward (and downward) social mobility both within and across generations. The rationale for recalibrating the prestige scales rests on (a) the need for new estimates, given the dramatic changes in 1980 Census classification system relative to prior versions; (b) the need to generate estimates for many new titles, not in existence in the 1960s; and (c) substantive interest in the question of stability and change in prestige evaluations, a core feature of the American value system. This project will produce a valuable prestige index for use by the social science community at large.