The Evolution of Solar Magnetic Fields

这笔赠款涵盖了大熊太阳天文台的部分业务，重点是多波长的高分辨率成像、纵向和横向磁场的测量以及基于视频和数字图像的图像处理。该计划的重点是磁场的演变，既有活跃的太阳，也有安静的太阳。未来三年的主要计划是：1.全天候观测太阳磁场。研究小磁性元素的演化和场元素的产生和销毁的平衡。2.研究新出现的通量区和太阳黑子如何发展。3.研究了磁元素与光球和色球现象的详细关系。4.对太阳黑子的威尔逊效应和其他性质的观测。5.利用现有磁强计测量横向磁场及其与耀斑发生的关系。6.高时间分辨率的照明弹录像带，目的是寻找尖峰事件的来源。7.新旋回活动区磁性元素的扩散和极场反转的研究。8.将对脉冲照明弹的情况进行特别研究，目的是确定是否存在发生该等照明弹的特殊情况。9.特拉维夫日光仪继续运行。10.利用12微米线研究太阳磁场和最低温度。11.继续我们关于活动区的高分辨率长期观测方案，包括支持各种火箭、气球和其他特殊间隔，为太阳界维持一个太阳活动数据库。12.发展和更多地利用通过电荷耦合系统获得的数字数据，从而实现全电子数据记录。总体目标是了解由于下一次活动周期的上升和高潮而产生的耀斑和太阳黑子。

This grant covers part of the operation of the Big Bear Solar Observatory, emphasizing high-resolution imaging in multiple wavelengths, measurement of longitudinal and transverse magnetic fields, and image processing based on video and digital images. The program focuses on the evolution of magnetic fields, both in the active and quiet sun. Major programs over the next three years will be: 1. Round-the-clock observations of solar magnetic fields. Study of the evolution of small magnetic elements and the equilibrium of creation and destruction of field elements. 2. Study of emerging flux regions and how sunspots develop. 3. Investigation of the detailed relationship between magnetic elements and photospheric and chromospheric phenomena. 4. Observations of the Wilson effect and other properties of sunspots. 5. Measurement of transverse magnetic fields with the existing magnetograph and connection of these fields with flare occurrence. 6. High-time-resolution videotape recording of flares aimed at finding the sources of spike events. 7. Study of the diffusion of magnetic elements from the active regions of the new cycle and the reversal of the polar field. 8. A special study of the circumstances of impulsive flares will be made, with the object of determining if there are special circumstances in which those flares occur. 9. Continuation of operation of the Tel Aviv photoheliograph. 10. Studies of solar magnetic fields and the temperature minimum using the 12-micron lines. 11. Continuation of our high-resolution long-term observational programs on active regions including support of various rocket, balloon and other special intervals, maintaining a data base on solar activity for the solar community. 12. Development and increased utilization of digital data obtained with CCD's, leading to all-electronic data recording. The overall aim is to understand flares and sunspots due to the rise and climax of the next activity cycle.