Doctoral Dissertation Research in History and Philosophy of Science

休河Slotten，博士论文学生;主题：“历史的 世纪美国海岸测量” 学者们普遍认为， 1843年至1867年在亚历山大达拉斯贝奇指挥下的美国 是美国最强大的支持科学的机构之一， 南北战争前的时期 一个全面和分析的历史， 然而，海岸调查还没有写出来。 海岸 调查局于1807年首次被授权作为临时机构， 联邦政府将调查该国的海岸线， 商业和航海的利益。前一时期 在贝奇担任局长期间，海岸调查局只取得了 小的意义;但在Bache的指挥下，海岸调查 逐渐成为美国最有影响力的科学机构， 战前时期。 因为地理（主要是地球物理）研究最适合 在调查的任务范围内，这种科学 在海岸调查局的赞助下扩大了规模海岸调查局还 在这一时期发挥了独特的教育功能， 平民和军官的科学方法。 上述 然而，贝希的海岸勘测局作为一个重要的中心， 为新兴科学的发展和专业化， 并为未来的公共政策树立了先例， 资助科学研究。

Hugh R. Slotten, Dissertation Student; Topic: "A History of the Coast Survey of the United States in the Nineteenth Century" Scholars have generally acknowledged that the Coast Survey of the US under the command of Alexander Dallas Bache from 1843 to 1867 was one of the most powerful institutions supporting science in the antebellum period. A comprehensive and analytic history of the Coast Survey, however, has not yet been written. The Coast Survey was first authorized in 1807 as a temporary agency of the federal government that would survey the country's coastlines in the interests of commerce and navigation. In the period preceding Bache's tenure as superintendent, the Coast Survey attained only minor significance; but under Bache's command, the Coast Survey grew to become the most influential scientific institution of the antebellum period. Because geographical (primarily geophysical) research fit best into the range of the Survey's mandate, this kind of science expanded under Coast Survey patronage. the Coast Survey also served a unique educational function in this period, training civilians and military officers in scientific methods. Above all, however, Bache's Coast Survey functioned as a vital center for the growth and professionalization of the emerging scientific community and set a precedent for future public policy towards the financing of scientific research.