US-Austria Cooperative Research: Characterization of Air Currents in Relation to the Sensory Physiology and Behavior of Spiders

这一关于“表征气流与 感觉生理学和蜘蛛的行为”之间的博士约瑟夫A。 加州大学伯克利分校的汉弗莱和F. G. 奥地利维也纳大学的巴思联合批准了 美国国家科学基金会和奥地利联邦科学基金会 程序. 主要研究人员提出了一个为期一年的研究计划， 研究宏观流体力学观测值， 猎物捕获和“气球”现象在蜘蛛和 这些与空气运动感受器的微观方面的关系 交互. 这项工作的高度跨学科性质 结合了维也纳的“动物学”专业知识和“工程学” 伯克利分校的专业知识，以促进感官生理学的知识。 在伯克利的工作将解决测量和物理学问题， 与行为相关的空气运动的理论模型。 的 刺激和维持流动的特征 气球活动，以及捕获猎物，将实验性地 在特别构造的装置中使用激光多普勒 风速测量和流动可视化技术。 时间历史， 规定的平均值和频谱频率测定 速度场将使研究人员能够阐明 引发这些活动的流量的特征。 理论工作要着力完善基础理论， 详细的标准、模型和数值可预测性 这种流动的速度和压力分布。 特别是， 汉弗莱在1987年的一篇开创性论文中提出了各种假设！ 关于热气球的问题将被严格检查。 关闭 形式理论分析也将进行建模 的反应，bothria感器，单个或成组， 空气流动的自然波动。 由此，估计 获得的力量，使偏角，以及 偏转的大小和方向。 部分 实验仪器（但不是仪器）和 进行这项研究所需的数值程序是 已经有了。 进行必要的升级和改造 它们都可以应用于这里感兴趣的一系列问题 以及相关的生物流体力学领域。 的意义 这项工作在于实验和理论的影响， 这些发现将在感官生理学领域， 生物力学

This proposal on "Characterization of Air Currents in Relation to the Sensory Physiology and Behavior of Spiders" between Dr. Joseph A. Humphrey of the University of California at Berkeley and Dr. F.G. Barth of the University of Wien, Austria, is jointly approved by NSF and the FWF of Austria under the US-Austria Cooperative Science Program. The principal investigators propose a one-year program of research to investigate macroscopic fluid mechanic observables affecting prey capture and the "ballooning" phenomena in spiders and the relation of these to microscopic aspects of air motion-sensilla interactions. The highly interdisciplinary nature of this work combines the "zoological" expertise in Vienna and "engineering" expertise in Berkeley to advance knowledge in sensory physiology. Work in Berkeley will address the measurement and physico-mathema- tical modelling of the air motions relevant to behavior. The characteristics of the flows that stimulate and maintain the ballooning activity, as well as prey capture, will be experimentally determined in an especially constructed apparatus using laser-Doppler anemometry and flow visualization techniques. Time histories, averages and spectral frequency determinations of prescribed velocity fields will allow the investigators to elucidate the characteristics of the flows that elicit these activities. Theoretical work will focus on improving the fundamental under- standing, models and numerical predictability of the detailed distributions of velocity and pressure of such flows. In particular, various hypotheses advanced in a seminal paper by Humphrey ı1987! on the subject of ballooning will be rigorously checked. Closed form theoretical analysis will also be performed to model the response of the trichobothria sensilla, single or in groups, to natural fluctuations in the air flow. From this, estimates will be obtained of the forces that deflect the trichobothria, as well as the magnitudes and directions of the deflections themselves. Part of the experimental instrumentation (but not the apparatus) and the numerical procedures required to undertake this research are already available. With the necessary upgrades and adaptations they can both be applied to a range of problems of interest here and in related bio-fluid mechanics fields. The significance of this work lies in the impact that the experimental and theoretical findings will have in the fields of sensory physiology and biomechanics.