Annual Cycles and Long-range Transports of Non-methane Hydrocarbons, CO, Rn-222 and Kr-85 in the Mid and Upper Troposphere

解释大气化学的一个中心问题是找到一种合理的方法来评估化学和输送的相对作用，以便能够识别和量化主要感兴趣的预算、反应时间、通量等。解决这一问题的一种方法是使用对大气中天然和人造放射性核素浓度的测量作为评估运输的一种方式。大气中的放射性核素浓度，如氡-222和氪-85，基本上对化学效应不敏感，同时与大气中发现的许多化学活性物质一样，受到运输的影响。因此，在大气化学野外实验中，同时测量放射性和活性化学物种被证明是一种有效的方法。该研究项目的目标是：1)建立并试飞一个机载氡泵送的全空气采样器，并建立与整个空气采样器一起使用的实验室传输/分析系统；以及2)建立一个机载气溶胶采样系统，用于收集用于铅-210分析的样品。这两个采样器都将被设计成便于它们最终集成到中型研究飞机上，如NCAR Electra。该设备将用于有组织的多调查者大气化学实验，例如太平洋层/硫调查(PSI)、太平洋尘埃实验(PACDEX)或大气/海洋化学实验(AEROCE)。

A central problem in interpreting atmospheric chemistry has been finding a rational means of evaluating the relative roles of chemistry and transport, so that the budgets, reaction times, fluxes, etc. of primary interest could be identified and quantified. One approach to this problem has been to use measurements of the atmospheric concentrations of natural and manmade radionuclides as a way of evaluating transport. The atmospheric concentrations of radionuclides such as Radon-222 and Krypton-85 are essentially insensitive to chemical effects, while at the same time are affected by transport in the same way as are many of the chemically reactive species found in the atmosphere. Thus the simultaneous measurement of both radioactive and reactive chemical species has proved to be an effective approach in atmospheric chemistry field experiments. The objectives of this research project is to: 1) build and flight test an airborne radon pumped whole air sampler, and build the laboratory transfer/analysis system for use in conjunction with the whole air sampler; and 2) build an airborne aerosol sampling system designed to collect samples for Pb-210 analysis. Both samplers will be designed to facilitate their eventual integration aboard medium sized research aircraft such as the NCAR Electra. This equipment will be available and for use in organized multi-investigator atmospheric chemistry experiments such as the Pacific Stratus/Sulfur Investigation (PSI), the Pacific Dust Experiment (PACDEX) or the Atmosphere/Ocean Chemistry Experiment (AEROCE).