Three-Dimensional Simulations of the Tropospheric Sulfur Cycle

将开展一项为期三年的研究计划，利用基于来自大气环流模式(GCM)的气象信息的三维化学示踪模式(CTM)研究对流层中硫物种的全球循环。其主要目标是模拟远离人为来源地区的硫酸盐及其前体的大气分布。五种物种将作为独立示踪剂在CTM中运输，并将详细说明每种示踪剂的来源和汇。模型结果将使用来自世界许多地区的大量现场数据进行评估，包括太平洋和大西洋、亚马逊盆地和极地地区。根据模型结果对数据进行解释，将有可能量化各种人为和自然来源对区域和全球硫磺预算的相对贡献。将确定调节硫磺循环的远程运输机制。将评估人类活动对硫磺循环的扰动。

A three year program of research to study the global cycling of sulfur species in the troposphere, using a 3-d chemical tracer model (CTM) based on meteorological information from a general circulation model (GCM) will be undertaken. The main objective is to simulate the atmospheric distributions of sulfate and its precursors in regions remote from anthropogenic sources. Five species will be transported as independent tracers in the CTM, and detailed descriptions of sources and sinks will be given for each tracer. Model results will be evaluated with extensive field data from many parts of the world including the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, the Amazon Basin, and polar regions. Interpretation of the data in light of model results will make it possible to quantify the relative contributions from various anthropogenic and natural sources to regional and global sulfur budgets. Long-range transport mechanisms regulation the sulfur cycle will be identified. Perturbations to the sulfur cycle induced by human activity will be assessed.