Core Support for the Polar Research Board

极地研究委员会(PRB)是美国国家科学院的一个常设委员会。根据这一持续授予的奖项，基金会在两个极地地区都有研究计划和指定的机构间领导角色，根据第86-18641号主协议，为PRB的“核心支持”提供部分资金。核心支助用于维持学院的一名支助工作人员、两次理事会全体成员年度会议(目前为16名成员)和一些分组会议，以及继续履行与其他科学机构联络、编写年度经常性报告以及与南极研究科学委员会(SCAR)合作等PRB职能。除了核心支持外，PRB还可以自由确定其他项目，并要求基金会或任何其他实体支持这些项目。其中一些将在提案中进行讨论，其他一些可能会在项目过程中确定。政府在该奖项下提供资金的主要活动如下：南极研究科学委员会。国际科学联合会理事会的这个委员会负责进一步协调南极洲的科学活动。学院是ICSU的美国附庸机构，因此也是SCAR的附庸机构。参与SCAR进一步推动了美国在南极洲促进合作研究的政策。SCAR工作组和研讨会，以及美国SCAR第30号年度报告的打字和印刷。确定研究需求。PRB将继续以下方面的工作、贡献或完成研究：美国关于全球进程和变化的研究倡议；美国支持极地地区研究的能力；美国海岸警卫队(USCG)船只和极地考察船的科学潜力；极地冰芯能力；北极固体地球科学需求；北极社会科学需要审查ARPA文件和计划；国际北极研究进展，以及南极经验在太空居住中的应用。PRB继续确保美国科学家积极参与SCAR的工作。覆检委员会是唯一适合执行拟议工作的机构。它是政府特许的，向政府提供建议，其地位确保了接触到合格的科学家、工程师和其他为经批准的研究贡献他们的专业知识和时间的人。1988/1989年取得的成就包括出版了PRB成员关于极地科学问题的重要文章；就极地级破冰船向USCG和NSF提供咨询意见；关于北极海洋科学、北极社会科学、南大洋物理和化学海洋学以及生物医学研究的优先事项的报告。该计划建议从NSF获得14.5万美元的支持。PRB已成功地将其对国家科学基金的依赖从1978年的100%减少到1987年的约37%。

The Polar Research Board (PRB) is a standing committee of the National Academy of Sciences. Under this continuing award the Foundation, with research programs and assigned interagency leadership roles in both polar regions, partially funds "Core Support" of the PRB under Master Agreement No. 86-18641. Core support provides for maintenance of a support staff at the Academy, two annual meetings of the full Board (currently 16 members) and some subgroup meetings, and continuing PRB functions such as liaison with other scientific bodies, preparation of annually recurring reports, and association with the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Beyond core support, the PRB is free to identify additional projects and to ask the Foundation or any other entity to support these projects. Some of these are discussed in the proposal, and others are likely to be identified over the course of the project. Major activities for which the Government is providing funds under this award follow: Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). This committee of the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) is charged with furthering the coordination of scientific activity in Antarctica. The Academy is the U.S.-adhering body to ICSU and thus to SCAR. Participation in SCAR furthers U.S. policy fostering cooperative research in Antarctica. SCAR working groups and symposia, and typing and printing of the U.S. Annual Report No. 30 to SCAR. Identification of Research Needs. The PRB will continue work on, contribute to, or complete studies on: U.S. research initiatives on global processes and change; U.S. capability of support research in polar regions; the scientific potential of U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) vessels and polar research ship requirements; polar ice coring capabilities; arctic solid geoscience needs; Arctic social science needs review of ARPA documents and plans; international arctic research developments, and application of antarctic experience to space habitation. The PRB continues to assure active participation of U.S. scientists in the work of the SCAR. The PRB is uniquely suited to perform the proposed work. It is government-chartered to provide advice to the government, and its stature assures access to qualified scientists, engineers, and others who contribute their expertise and time to approved studies. Accomplishments in 1988/1989 included publication of major articles on polar science issues by PRB members; advice to the USCG and NSF on polar class icebreakers; reports on priorities in arctic marine sciences, arctic social science, physical and chemical oceanography of the Southern Ocean, and biomedical research. The Program recommends support at $145K from NSF. The PRB has succeeded in reducing its dependance on the NSF from 100% in 1978 to about 37% in 1987.