Managing the Reefs: An Exploration of Local and Scientific Knowledge (A Postdoctoral Fellowship in Studies in Science, Technology & Society).

这个为期一年的全日制奖项使人类学新博士能够发展她对自然资源管理的科学方法的理解，特别是牡蛎礁。她将在德克萨斯农工大学野生动物与渔业管理系进行为期一年的课程学习，由系主任大卫·j·施米德博士资助。她将与未来的监管人员一起上课，学习资源管理所基于的科学模型，包括牡蛎生物学、种群动态、经济学、生长、栖息地和当地珊瑚礁的历史。与此同时，加尔维斯顿湾地区牡蛎渔民的实地工作将侧重于阐明土著模式的要素-渔民在管理其资源时使用的当地知识。人类学文献表明，渔民往往有自我监管的模式，而这些模式对监管机构或科学家来说并不明显。官僚们常常在引入管理制度时假设渔民没有管理制度（正式的或非正式的），或者使用一种肯定是无效的制度，因为它不是基于科学信息。本项目假设：1)如果现有的非正式管理系统在可能的情况下被纳入，合理化管理制度的不利社会经济影响将会减少；2)为了实现这一点，两种类型的管理模式必须明确。该项目的目标是使科学家能够纳入适当的土著战略，并使渔民在管理当地资源方面有发言权。该项目解决了科学研究理论和实践中的一个核心问题：正式的、科学的认识方式与社区协商优先事项和实践的非正式的基于经验的方法之间的关系。研究者及其接待专家和接待机构是唯一有资格承担和支持这一项目的人；研究和相关活动可能会在奖励期结束后继续进行。结果很可能得到适当的传播和有用。因此建议给予28 000美元的奖金。

This one year, full-time award enables a new PhD in anthropologyto develop her understanding of the scientific approaches to management of natural resources, specifically oyster reefs. She will undertake a one-year course of study in the Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Management at Texas A&M University, sponsored by Dr. David J. Schmidly, Head of the Department. Attending classes with future regulatory employees, she will learn about the scientific models on which resource management is based, including oyster biology, population dynamics, economics, growth, habitat and histories of local reefs. At the same time, field work in the Galveston Bay area among oyster fishermen will focus on elucidating the elements of indigenous models -- the local knowledge fishermen use in managing their resource. Anthropological literature has shown that fishermen often have models for self-regulation which are not apparent to regulatory agencies or to scientists. Bureaucrats often introduce management regimes with the assumption that fishermen have no management system (formal or informal) or use one that must be ineffective since it is not based on scientific information. This project hypothesizes that 1) adverse socio-economic impacts from the institution of rationalized management will be lessened if existing informal management systems are, where possible, incorporated, and 2) both types of management models must be explicit for this to happen. The project goal is to enable scientists to incorporate appropriate indigenous strategies and to give fishermen a voice in management of their local resources. This project addresses a central issue in both theory and practice in science studies: the relationship between formalized, scientific ways of knowing and the informal experience-based methods by which communities negotiate priorities and practices. The investigator and her host specialist and host institution are uniquely well-qualified to undertake and support this project; research and related activities are likely to continue after the period of the award. Results are likely to be appropriately disseminated and useful. An award in the amount of $28,000 is therefore recommended.