Evaluation and Design of Absorption Power Cycles

提出了一项研究计划，该计划将导致对吸收动力循环进行彻底的评估，并提出一种设计最佳动力循环的方法。这项研究将特别侧重于使用低温热源运行的电力循环，如太阳能或地热能，或较高温度循环所拒绝的能源。首先将评估普遍效率概念作为经济上合理的动力循环设计的模型的效用。根据普适效率概念，可以明确地确定受热传递不可逆性影响的简单循环的最大功率。将研究额外的热力学不可逆性对最大功率效率的影响，目的是为设计良好的动力循环的效率制定一个现实的目标。通过比较几种吸收动力循环的首次和运行成本与常规动力循环的成本，对几种吸收动力循环进行详细评估。将特别注意吸收功率循环，在该循环中，进出循环的能量传输涉及具有有限热容速率的气流。这些比较将包括对现实寄生损失的考虑。显然，在优化循环的设计中，换热是最重要的。换热网络综合方法将被用来确定改进的动力循环设计，并建立设计这些循环的一般方法。

A research plan is proposed which will result in a thorough evaluation of absorption power cycles and a methodology for designing optimum power cycles. The research will specifically focus on power cycles operating with low temperature heat sources, such as solar or geothermal energy, or the energy rejected from higher temperature cycles. The utility of the universal efficiency concept, as a model leading to economically sound power cycle designs, will first be evaluated. According to the universal efficiency concept, the maximum power of simple cycles subject to heat transfer irreversibilities may be explicitly determined. The effect of additional thermodynamic irreversibilities on the efficiency at maximum power will be examined with the intent to develop a realistic goal for the efficiency of well-designed power cycles. A detailed evaluation of several absorption power cycles will be made by comparing their first and operating costs with those of conventional power cycles. Particular attention will be paid to absorption power cycles in which energy transfers to and from the cycle involve streams having finite thermal capacitance rates. The comparisons will include a consideration of realistic parasitic losses. It is clear that heat exchange is of primary importance in the design of optimized cycles. Heat exchanger network synthesis methods will be used to identify improved power cycles designs and to establish a general methodology for designing these cycles.