Dissertation Research: A Cross-Sectional Study of Dental Development in Chimpanzees of Known Age and Sex

早期原始人牙齿发育的速度和模式是当前体质人类学研究中争议的焦点。这场争论是一个更大的问题的一部分，即早期原始人的发育期是否可以被描述为更像人类、更像猿类，或者两者都不同。在许多关于人类各种身体、文化和行为特征的起源的情景中，现代人的特点是延长的发育期被强调了。然而，最近的研究表明，比现代人更早，可以与现代猿相媲美。如果是这样的话，大脑、工具的使用和社会组织都会受到影响。人类牙齿发育的速度是众所周知的，但现有的类人猿牙齿发育标准是不够的，因为样本量很小，它们不是来自已知年龄段的个人，而且缺乏关于前牙的放射学信息。这项研究的目的是记录已知年龄和性别的活黑猩猩的横断面样本中落叶和恒牙的牙冠和牙根形成的模式和时间，以便提供与人类和化石原始人样本进行比较的基线数据。

The rate and pattern ofdental development in early hominids is a focus of controversy in current research in physical anthropology. This controversy is part of the larger question of whether developmental periods in early hominids can be characterized as more "humanlike", more "apelike", or distinct from either. The prolonged developmental periods characteristic of modern humans have been emphasized in many scenarios concerning the origin of various human physical, cultural, and behavioral traits. However, recent research suggests that early than modern humans, comparable to that of modern apes. If so, brains, tool use, and social organization, will be affected. Rates of human dental development are well known, but existing standards of ape dental development are inadequate since the sample size is small, they are not from individuals of known chronological age, and radiographic information on the anterior dentition is lacking. The objective of this study is to document the pattern and timing of deciduous and permanent tooth crown and root formation in a cross-sectional sample of living chimpanzees of known age and sex in order to provide baseline data for comparison with human and fossil hominid samples.