Doctoral Dissertation Research: Cross-National Research on Protest, Social Policy, and Political Regimes

博士论文研究：抗议、社会政策和政治制度的跨国研究

• 批准号: 1647391
• 负责人: Amaney Jamal
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: Princeton University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-04-01 至 2018-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1647391&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Cross; National

In this proposal, the PI investigates how redistributive policies within countries vary by regime type. In particular, the study focuses on how governments target redistributive actions to favor specific groups they see as important supporters. To explore how regime types matter, the proposal compares decisions regarding redistributive policy in one authoritarian country and one country transitioning to democracy. While both states experienced notable stress resulting from mass demonstrations in 2011, the one authoritarian regime survived, while the other experienced a transition. Since 2011, movements associated with social and labor policies have benefitted more from redistributive policies in the authoritarian case than in the democratizing case. This finding represents a puzzle that motivates this proposal. In this study, the PI seeks to learn how regime transition in developing countries influences the success of social movements to win redistributive concessions from the government. Additionally, the work will investigate the characteristics of political movements that determine whether the state will or will not respond to their demands. To assess these questions, the PI will construct a dataset of local-level protests from two countries in a key part of the world. TechnicalIn this proposal, the PI seeks to investigate how social movement groups succeed or fail in their ability to win redistributive policy concessions from the state. In particular, the PI seeks to address two particular research goals. First, she aims to trace changes in socioeconomic mobilization in two countries from 2005 to 2015, paying particular attention to shifts in the frequency, diffusion, organization, and repertoires of protest movements. Second, given these patterns, the project seeks to account for trends in social policy responses that do not comply with existing theoretical expectations. The PI argues that patterns of redistributive policy concessions differ depending upon the success or failure of social movements seeking democracy. With respect to successful democratizing revolutions, we find an amplification of the characteristics expected to lead to greater state responses, i.e. the frequency, diffusion, and organization of socioeconomic mobilization. In 'failed' revolutions, however, the perceptions of threat experienced by the political elites leads them to grant policy concessions more quickly when faced with protest movements. The project develops a multi-method research design in which the PI proposes to construct original datasets of protest events and corresponding state response in two countries during the period 2005 to 2015. These datasets will be constructed using a range of local newspapers. Next, the PI will undertake qualitative comparative studies of parallel social movements in both cases. This project will result in the completion of a database that catalogues protests, strikes, sit-ins, and violent events on a national level.

在这份提案中，PI调查了国家内部的再分配政策如何因政权类型而异。 特别是，该研究侧重于政府如何针对再分配行动，以有利于他们认为重要的支持者的特定群体。 为了探讨政权类型如何影响，该提案比较了一个专制国家和一个向民主过渡的国家关于再分配政策的决定。虽然这两个国家都经历了2011年大规模示威活动造成的显著压力，但一个独裁政权幸存下来，而另一个则经历了过渡。 自2011年以来，与社会和劳动政策相关的运动在威权主义情况下比在民主化情况下更多地受益于再分配政策。这一发现代表了一个激发这一提议的难题。 在这项研究中，PI试图了解发展中国家的政权过渡如何影响社会运动的成功，以赢得政府的再分配让步。 此外，这项工作将调查政治运动的特点，决定国家是否会或不会回应他们的要求。 为了评估这些问题，PI将构建一个来自世界关键地区两个国家的地方抗议活动数据集。在这一建议中，PI试图调查社会运动团体如何成功或失败地赢得国家的再分配政策让步。 特别是，PI寻求解决两个特定的研究目标。 首先，她的目标是追踪2005年至2015年两个国家的社会经济动员的变化，特别注意抗议运动的频率，扩散，组织和剧目的变化。 第二，鉴于这些模式，该项目试图说明社会政策反应的趋势，不符合现有的理论预期。PI认为，再分配政策让步的模式取决于寻求民主的社会运动的成功或失败。 关于成功的民主化革命，我们发现一个放大的特征，预计将导致更大的国家的反应，即频率，扩散，和社会经济动员的组织。 然而，在“失败的”革命中，政治精英对威胁的感知导致他们在面对抗议运动时更快地做出政策让步。 该项目开发了一个多方法的研究设计，其中PI建议在2005年至2015年期间构建两个国家的抗议事件和相应的国家反应的原始数据集。 这些数据集将使用一系列当地报纸构建。 接下来，PI将对这两种情况下的平行社会运动进行定性比较研究。 该项目将完成一个数据库，对全国范围内的抗议、罢工、静坐和暴力事件进行编目。