Social Structure and Personality Under Conditions of RadicalSocial Change

该项目是波兰和乌克兰的一项合作研究，旨在测试一个理论的普遍性，该理论已经被美国和日本的数据充分证明。该理论描述了社会结构和智力功能之间的关系。该理论特别解释了为什么在官僚主义程度较高的组织中工作的人比在官僚主义程度较低的组织中工作的人表现出更大的创造力和智力灵活性。这个项目探讨了理论的普遍性，跨文化和跨时间。由于这一理论已经在先进的工业社会中得到了检验，一个重要的问题是，它是否也会在农业和前工业化的乌克兰和波兰得到证实。其次，由于数据是1970年在波兰收集的，因此对早期研究的复制允许采用前后对比的设计来研究波兰最近的社会和经济变化的影响。该项目的成果包括扩大了社会学思想中最具影响力的理论之一的范围，并加深了对1989年和1990年资本主义革命后果的理解。

This project is a collaborative research effort in Poland and the Ukraine, testing the generality of a theory already well documented with data from the U.S. and Japan. The theory descri- bes relations between social structure and intellectual function- ing. In particular, the theory explains why individuals working in more bureaucratic organizations display greater creativity and intellectual flexibility than those in less bureaucratic environ- ments. This project explores the generality of the theory, cross-culturally and across time. Because the theory has been tested in advanced industrial societies, an important question is whether it also will be confirmed in the more agricultural and pre-industrial Ukraine and Poland. Second, because data were collected in Poland in 1970, replication of the earlier study permits a before-and-after design to study effects of the recent social and economic changes in Poland. Results of this project include expanding the scope of one of the most influential theories in sociological thought, and increased understanding of the consequences of the capitalist revolutions of 1989 and 1990.