Collaborative Research on Environment, Performance, and Leadership on Party Change

这项合作研究（与Harmel 9112491）调查了政党变化的动态。它检查产生目标、议题立场、活动和政党组织变化的机制。将收集四个国家1950-1990年期间19个政党的时序数据。这些数据将用于评估政党变化的性质和程度，并从环境变化、政党在选举和政府中的表现以及领导层决策等方面解释这些变化。虽然这项研究关注的是单个政党，但它对理解政党制度的变化也很重要。要理解更大系统中的变化，必须了解各个方面。此外，这两种类型的变化都是理解政府动态的理论核心。完成这项数据密集型研究后，将增加我们对政党变化动态的理解。此外，收集的数据将对其他对政党感兴趣的学者具有持久的价值。

This collaborative research (with Harmel 9112491) investigates the dynamics of political party change. It examines the mechanisms that produce changes in goals, issue positions, activities, and organization of parties. Time-series data will be collected on 19 political parties in four countries for the period 1950-1990. These data will be used both to assess the nature and extent of party change and to explain those changes in terms of environmental changes, the parties' performance in elections and in government, and leadership decisions. Although focused on individual parties, this research also will be important for understanding change in party systems. An understanding of individual parties is necessary to understand changes in larger systems. Moreover, both types of change are central theoretically to understanding the dynamic of government. When completed this data intensive research will increase our understanding of the dynamics of political party change. Moreover, the data collected will be of lasting value to other scholars interested in political parties.