Collaborative Research on the Influence of Cultural Context and Migration on Perceptions of Law and Justice

国际贸易的增长、通信和技术的进步、旅行的便利以及移民模式的变化，使不同国家、文化和种族背景的个人之间更有可能出现争端。近年来，社会法学学者开始研究争议解决程序偏好的文化差异与个体心理过程的关系。本研究将通过考察一个人的原籍文化、对新社会形式的文化适应、性别、社会地位和经济资源如何塑造程序偏好来扩展这项工作。这项在美国、德国和香港进行的比较研究系统地分析了程序偏好的模式、对各种形式的监管的态度以及与纠纷有关的信念和行为。这三个地点一直是大量移民的目标。将进行两项实验研究，每个地点约有500名参与者，以测试对解决争端类型的偏好的差异是否反映了价值观的差异或对实现其目标的有效或适当手段的信念的差异。一项研究将侧重于对处理争端的可用选项的偏好（例如忽略冲突，忽略争议方或直接谈判）。第二部分将考虑解决冲突的可用手段（如调解或对抗性裁决）。该项目将促进我们对文化、种族、新近移民和其他社会因素如何相互作用，形成个人对各种法律、争议论坛和争议选择的法律态度和反应的认识，从而有助于我们对跨国问题的理解。从全球的角度来看，这些结果将具有重要意义，有助于我们进一步了解是什么驱动了对一种法律或监管制度的偏好，以及为什么不同文化背景的人对公平程序或法律的构成有不同的看法。

The growth in international trade, advances in communication and technology, ease of travel, and changes in immigration patterns make it more likely that disputes will arise between individuals of different national, cultural, and ethnic backgrounds. In recent years, sociolegal scholars have begun to investigate how cultural variation in preferences for dispute resolution procedures is related to individual psychological processes. This study will extend this work by examining how procedural preferences are shaped by a person's culture of origin, acculturation to new social forms, gender, social status, and economic resources. This comparative study conducted in the United States, Germany, and Hong Kong systematically analyzes patterns of procedural preferences, attitudes toward various forms of regulation, and dispute-related beliefs and behaviors. These three sites have been the target of substantial migration. Two experimental studies will be conducted, involving approximately 500 participants at each site, to test whether differences in preferences for types of dispute resolution reflect differences in values or differences in beliefs about the effective or appropriate means to reach their goals. One study will focus on preferences about options available for dealing with disputes (such as ignoring the conflict, ignoring the disputant, or direct negotiation). The second will consider the means available to resolve the conflict (such as mediation or adversarial adjudication). The project will contribute to our understanding of transnational issues by advancing our knowledge of how culture, ethnicity, recency of migration, and other social factors interact to shape individuals' legal attitudes and reactions to a variety of laws, disputing fora, and disputing options. From a global perspective, the results will have major significance for increasing our knowledge of what drives preferences for one form of law or regulatory regime over another and of why people of diverse cultural origins differ in their views about what constitutes a fair procedure or law.