Spatial and Non-Spatial Determinants of Black-White Employment Differentials

这是一项关于城市地区就业机会空间分布变化对少数民族和青年就业结果影响的研究。本研究的中心重点是研究工作地点和类型之间的不匹配以及潜在雇员的地点和技能之间的不匹配在多大程度上有助于解释当代黑人/白人在就业方面的差异。这项研究将使用美国12个大都市人口普查区的数据。这项研究是对有关就业率种族差异原因的文献的重要补充。这项研究的独特贡献在于它为小地区（地区）发展了就业潜力的直接措施。这反过来又使得从经验上评估所谓的空间不匹配假设是否正确成为可能。空间不匹配假说认为，美国一些大城市黑人男性就业率低的原因是，他们所居住的地区没有与他们为劳动力市场带来的技能相匹配的工作。

This is a study of the impact of changes in the spatial distribution of employment opportunities within urban areas on minority and youth employment outcomes. The central focus of the study is to study the extent to which the mismatch between the location and types of jobs and the location and skills of potential employees helps explain contemporary black/white differences in employment. The study will use data for census tracts in twelve metropolitan areas in the United States. This study is an important addition to the literature on the causes of racial differences in employment rates. The unique contribution of the study is that it develops direct measures of employment potentials for small areas (tracts). This in turn makes it possible to assess empirically whether the so-called spatial mismatch hypothesis is correct. The spatial mismatch hypothesis suggests that the cause of the low employment rates for black men in some metropolitan areas in the United States is that they live in areas where there are no jobs available that match the skills they bring to the labor market.