VPW: Interaction Between the Syntactic & Phonological Components of Grammatical Theory (Linguistics)

虽然句法影响词汇后语音规则(P规则)的应用已得到公认，但人们对语义的影响，尤其是对这些规则的关注却知之甚少。已被发现对F敏感的英语节奏规则(RR)将被详细审查，以准确地确定它在哪里以及如何适用。由于RR的应用领域通常被认为是语音短语，因此需要解决的主要问题是如何将焦点与通常的句法信息一起作为应用于该领域内的P-规则的输入。此外，由于RR有助于句子的整体节奏模式，必须解决的一个问题是，是否存在一种普遍的语言节奏机制，也解释了RR的影响，或者RR是否是英语特定语音系统的一部分，因此被一种不同于处理整体节奏交替的机制所处理。实验数据将用于本研究的核心理论问题，包括受试者a)孤立阅读句子的录音，b)嵌入段落中的句子，c)特殊语调(即是-否疑问句和怀疑模式)和d)在重复言语中使用音节“ma”。这些句子在句法和焦点结构上都包含了不同位置的RR(即重音冲突)的适当条件。录音将从感知和听觉两方面进行分析。这项拟议的研究将调查语法的语音成分的组织以及它与语法的其他成分，特别是句法和语义的相互作用。该项目进一步推动了VPW项目的目标，为女性提供通过研究提升她们在科学或工程领域的职业生涯的机会，并通过调查员作为东道主校园榜样的提高知名度，鼓励其他女性在这些领域追求职业生涯。为第二个目标作出贡献的拟议活动包括：安排女研究生每周举行一次会议，男学生每月参加一次，重点是培养从事语言学职业所需的技能(撰写摘要、会议发言、开展研究、出版、求职和面试以及教学)--以及妇女问题(单一性别会议)；邀请在定期系列座谈会范围内邀请的著名女语言学家；教授关于音系学与语法其他组成部分相互作用的高级研讨会。

While it is now accepted that syntax affects the application of postlexical phonological rules (P-rules), much less is known about the effect of semantics, in particular focus, on these rules. The Rhythm Rule (RR) of English, which has been found to be sensitive to F, will be examined in detail to determine precisely where and how it applies. Since the domain of application of RR is generally taken to be the Phonological Phrase, the main problem to be addressed is how focus can be taken as input, along with the usual syntactic information, to P-rules that apply within this domain. In addition, since RR contributes to the overall rhythmic pattern of a sentence, a question that must be addressed is whether there is one universal rhythmic mechanism of language that also accounts for the effects of RR or whether RR is part of the specific phonological system of English, and is thus treated by a mechanism distinct from that which handles overall rhythmic alternations. Experimental data, which will be brought to bear on the theoretical issues at the core of this research, will consist of recordings of subjects reading sentences a) in isolation, b) embedded in paragraphs, c) with special intonations (i.e., yes-no question and incredulity patterns) and d) with the syllable "ma" in reiterant speech. The sentences will contain the appropriate conditions for RR (i.e., stress clashes) in different positions with regard to both syntactic and focus structure. The recordings will be analyzed both perceptually and acoustically. The proposed research will investigate the organization of the phonological component of grammar as well as its interaction with other components of grammar, especially syntax and semantics. This project furthers VPW program objectives to provide opportunities for women to advance their careers in science or engineering through research, and to encourage other women to pursue careers in these areas through the investigator's enhanced visibility as a role model on the host campus. The proposed activities which contribute to the second objective include: arranging weekly meetings of the women graduate students, who will be joined once a month by male students, with emphasis placed on developing the skills needed for careers in linguistics (abstract writing, conference presentations, conducting research, publishing, applying and interviewing for jobs, and teaching)--and women's problems (for the single gender sessions); inviting prominent women linguists invited within the context of the regular colloquium series; and teaching an advanced seminar on the interactions of phonology with the other components of grammar.