The Organic Matrix Associated with Calcium Oxalate Formation in Vitis labrusca

9317366 Webbab草酸钙的形成是植物生物矿化的主要形式。草酸钙晶体在高等植物中以物种特有的解剖和发育模式形成，表明它们的形成是受生物控制的。晶体通常在液泡内与有机基质结合形成，有机基质在晶体形成之前积累，并提供对结晶过程的细胞控制。这项拟议研究的长期目标是了解是什么诱导特定细胞形成晶体，以及有机基质如何控制晶体的发育。由于有机基质的表达是晶体起始和分化的关键事件，建议的工作室专注于与葡萄叶片晶体形成相关的有机基质。具体地说，研究的目的是在发育中的晶体周围的膜外壳中表征蛋白质。这些膜壳在晶体形成之前形成，并在发育过程中与晶体S直接接触。在这项拟议的研究中，将使用针对兔膜包膜蛋白开发的多克隆抗体。这项研究的具体目标是：1)鉴定和鉴定膜包膜中的免疫活性蛋白；2)确定针对这些蛋白和膜包膜的抗体的特异性。针对膜蛋白产生的抗体被用来分离单个蛋白质组分。分离的蛋白质将进行氨基末端测序，并将它们的序列与数据库中已有的其他蛋白质序列进行比较。这些蛋白质的特异性将通过免疫印迹粗蛋白提取物和溶解的膜被蛋白以及免疫电子显微镜来检验。生物矿化是植物和动物体内的一个重要过程。目前，人们对植物中的HOW晶体及其生长情况知之甚少。拟议的研究主要涉及植物生长发育中细胞分化和钙调节的基本问题。它在这一领域之外也具有广泛的相关性，并将提供有关植物和其他生物体中生物矿化机制的信息。***

9317366 Webbab Calcium oxalate formation is the predominant form of biomineralization in plants. Crystals of calcium oxalate form in higher plants in species-specific anatomical and developmental patterns, indicating that their formation is biologically controlled. Crystals generally form within the vacuole in association with an organic matrix, which accumulates prior to crystal formation and provides cellular control over the crystallization process. The long term goals of the proposed research are to understand what induces particular cells to form crystals, and how the organic matrix controls the crystal development. Because expression of the organic matrix is a key event in crystal initiation and differentiation, the proposed studios focus on the organic matrix associated with crystal formation in Vitis labrusca leaves. In particular, research is aimed in characterizing proteins in membrane enclosures which surround developing crystals. These membrane enclosures form prior to crystal initiation, and are in direct contact with the crystal s during development. In the proposed research polyclonal antibodies will be used that were developed against membrane envelope proteins in rabbits. The specific objectives of the research are: 1) to identify and characterize immunoreactive proteins in the membrane enclosures, and 2) to determine the specificity of antibodies for these proteins and for the membrane envelopes. Antibodies produced against the membrane proteins are used to isolate the individual protein components. The isolated proteins will be subjected to amino-terminal sequencing and their sequence compared with other protein sequences already present in data banks. The specificity of the proteins will be examined by immunoblotting crude protein extracts and solubilized membrane envelope proteins, as well as by immunoelectonmicroscopy. %%% Biomineralization is an important process both in plants and animals. Presently little is known of ho w crystals are initiated in plants, and about their growth. The proposed research deals primarily with fundamental problems of cell differentiation and calcium regulation in plant growth and development. It has also broad relevance outside this area as wll, and will provide information about the mechanisms of biomineralization in plants and other organisms. ***