Cities, Regions, and Nations

9321065克鲁格曼这项研究将开发城市系统的空间结构模型，重点是导致不平衡发展的力量;和贸易中的产业地理集群的作用。理论工作建立在不完全竞争市场模型的基础上，以揭示导致特定行业在区域中心聚集的吸引力与限制这种集中规模的排斥力之间的紧张关系。预计模型将解释城市的等级结构，更高级别的城市从事商品和服务的生产，反映更大的规模经济或更低的运输成本。实证研究将利用墨西哥制造业的数据来检验北美自由贸易协定对墨西哥城市系统的影响。利用产业集群模型研究欧洲区域经济一体化是否会促进产业集中度的提高。 这一项目具有重大意义，因为它试图将国际贸易与区域间发展模式联系起来。研究结果有望使我们更好地了解主要城市地区的内部地理以及欧洲经济一体化前景提出的调整问题。 ***

9321065 Krugman This research will develop models on the spatial structure of urban systems, with the emphasis on the forces leading to uneven development; and the role of the geographic clustering of industries in trade. The theoretical work builds on models of imperfectly competitive markets to draw out the tensions between the set of attractive forces that lead to the clustering of particular industries at regional centers, and the repulsive forces that limit the size of such concentrations. It is expected that the modeling would explain the hierarchial structure of cities with higher- order cities engaged in the production of goods and services that reflect greater economies of scale or lower transport costs. The empirical research will use data on Mexican manufacturing to test the effects of, for example, NAFTA on Mexican urban systems. The models on industry clustering are used to study whether regional economic integration in Europe will promote a greater degree of industrial concentration. This project is of significant interest because it attempts to link international trade and interregional development patterns. The results from the study promise to give us a better understanding of the internal geography of major urban areas as well as the adjustment issues raised by economic integration prospects in Europe. ***