RUI: Large-Scale Patterns of Motion and Magnetic Fields on the Sun

摘要-首席研究员斯诺德格拉斯和他的学生将开展研究，探索太阳表面运动和磁场的大尺度模式与太阳活动周期的关系。他们将分析在威尔逊山天文台46米塔式望远镜上拍摄的太阳磁强计观测结果，还将分析美国国家海洋和大气管理局编制的氢-阿尔法中性线和日冕洞的卡林顿图。这两套数据涵盖第20周期的大部分(1967-76年)、第21和第22周期的全部(分别为1976-86年和1986-96年)，并将在供资期间结束时包括第23周期的开始。研究将包括以下项目：(1)场结构和大气气体的经向运动，(2)光球自转和磁场自转中的扭转振荡，(3)磁特征大小与其不同自转剖面之间的关系，(4)磁图与中性线和日冕黑洞图的相关性，(5)大尺度场与活动区域早期轨迹之间的联系，(6)太阳磁偶极矩和四极矩，(7)偶极矩与共存冕洞的自转速度的比较；(8)极场反转与大尺度场时间演化之间的联系。研究结果将为大尺度背景场在太阳周期中所起的作用、冕洞的性质以及扭转振荡背后的机制等问题提供答案。此外，它们将为通过日震学推断的内部运动和场提供边界条件，并为太阳内部动力学的理论研究提供边界条件。这些结果还将为在其他天文台和太空进行更详细、更短期的测量提供理由。所有数据简化和计算机分析将在刘易斯和克拉克学院的计算设施中进行。

Abstract - Snodgrass The Principal Investigator and his students will carry out research to explore the relationship of the Sun's large-scale patterns of surface motion and magnetic field to the solar activity cycle. They will analyze solar magnetograph observations taken at the 46-meter Tower Telescope at Mount Wilson Observatory and also analyze the Carrington maps of Hydrogen-alpha neutral lines and coronal holes compiled by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Both data sets span a time period covering most (1967-76) of cycle 20, all of cycles 21 and 22 (1976-86 and 1986-96, respectively) and will, by the end of the funding period, include the beginning of cycle 23. The investigation will include projects to study (1) the meridional motions of both the field structures and the atmospheric gases, (2) the torsional oscillations, both in the rotation of the photosphere and in the rotation of the magnetic fields, (3) the relationship between sizes of magnetic features and their differential rotation profiles, (4) the correlation of magnetograms with neutral-line and coronal hole maps, (5) the association between the large-scale field and the loci of active regions early in the cycle, (6) the Sun's magnetic dipole and quadrupole moments, determined by least-squares fits to the magnetograph data, (7) the rotation of the dipole moment as compared with the rotation rates of coexisting coronal holes, and (8) the association between polar field reversals and the time evolution of the large-scale field. The results of the research will provide answers to questions regarding the role in the Solar cycle played by the large-scale background field, the nature of coronal holes, and the mechanism behind the torsional oscillations. In addition, they will provide boundary conditions for both the internal motions and fields i nferred through helioseismology and for the theoretical studies of the Sun's internal dynamics. The results will also provide reasons for more detailed, but shorter term, measurements made at other observatories and from space. All data reduction and computer analyses will be carried out at the computing facilities at Lewis and Clark College.