Scaling Up Trace Gas Flux Estimates From Sites to Regions Incorporating Measures of Variance

一氧化二氮（N2O）是一种重要的温室气体，其浓度每年增加约0.3%。湿润的热带森林占全球N2O年排放量的25-40%，森林向牧场或农业的转变最初将排放率提高到非常高的水平。在施用肥料的生态系统中，这些高水平的气体排放持续存在，但在牧场和未施肥的田地中，排放率可能急剧下降。在区域尺度上准确估计一氧化二氮的大气输入必须考虑到这种复杂性，并对正在发生的变化提供估计。该项目开发并测试了两种模式，这两种模式更准确地描述了从潮湿的热带森林向大气输送一氧化二氮的区域通量。

9420612 REINERS Nitrous oxide (N2O) is an important greenhouse gas that is increasing in concentration by about 0.3% per year. Humid tropical forests account for 25-40% of the annual global emissions of N2O, and the conversion of forests to pastures or agriculture initially increases the emission rate to very high levels. These high levels of gas emission are sustained in ecosystems where fertilizers are applied, but the rates of emission can drop precipitously in pastures and unfertilized fields. Accurately estimating the atmospheric input of nitrous oxide on a regional scale must account for such complexity and provide estimates of the variance which is occurring. This project develops and test two models which more accurately characterizes the regional flux of nitrous oxide to the atmosphere from humid tropical forests.