The Franco-American Voter: A Cross-Cultural Model

9421869刘易斯-贝克对发达民主国家投票模式的比较受到许多因素的阻碍，其中包括方法、衡量标准和理论上的差异。法美选举研究采用共同的调查研究方法，但往往因测量方法和理论的不同而有所不同。各自的全国选举调查并没有提出许多相同的问题，每个国家的主要研究范式都提供了截然相反的投票选择解释性模式。该项目是美国和法国研究人员的共同努力，首次包括法国全国选举研究(1995年)中的关键美国国家选举研究(ANES)项目。在对新的法语预试数据进行分析后，这些ANES项目将包括：感觉温度计、支持率、经济评估、关于社会问题的七点接近度测量、政党认同、候选人特征。同样，该项目将再次首次将法国全国选举研究的主要项目列入国家选举研究报告(1996年)。这些项目将接受美国的预试，因此与上面的法国预试平行。这些项目是：左右意识形态的衡量标准，非标准的社会阶层衡量标准(特别是社会地位“阶梯”指标，以及财产所有权指标)。最终结果将是独一无二的：两项总统选举调查--法国的1995年和美国的1996年--都包含了关键独立变量的可比指标。这些数据集将通过大学间政治和社会研究联盟向学术界提供，将使对相互竞争的投票选择理论进行前所未有的跨文化测试成为可能。***

9421869 Lewis-Beck Comparison of voting models across advanced democracies is hampered by a number of things, among them difference in method, measurement, and theory. Franco-American election studies share in common a survey research methodology, but tend to be separated by differences of measurement and theory. The respective national election surveys do not pose many of the same questions and the dominant research paradigms in each country offer opposing explanatory models of vote choice. This project, a joint effort of US and French researchers, includes, for the first time, key American National Election Study (ANES) items in the French National Election Study (for 1995). Following on an analysis of new French pre-test data, these ANES items will be included: feeling thermometers, approval ratings, economic evaluations, seven-point proximity measures on social issues, party identification, candidate traits. Similarly, this project will include, again for the first time, key French National Election Study (FNES) items into ANES (for 1996). These items will be subject to American pre-test, thus paralleling the above French pre-test. The items are: left- right ideological measures, nonstandard social class measures (in particular, a social status "staircase" indicator, and indicators of property ownership). The end result will be unique: two presidential election surveys - - 1995 for France, 1996 for the US - - that contain comparable measures on key independent variables. These data sets, which will be made available to the scholarly community through the Interuniversity Consortium for Political and Social Research, will enable unprecedented cross-cultural testing of rival theories of vote choice. ***