New Intercalation Materials

9422667惠廷翰这位研究人员之前的研究已经证明，新的氧化物插层主体可以很容易地使用水热技术合成，并且改变反应介质中存在的酸度或阳离子极大地决定了形成的晶体结构。通过对反应介质的适当选择，建议形成类似于铝硅酸盐分子筛中的大通道或大通道的新结构，这将为材料化学提供独特的性能。对于钨和钼氧化物，证明了这种方法的可行性。该项目的主要重点将放在钒和锰氧化物以及一种新的磷酸钛上。由于这种材料中的扩散增强是预期的，因此将确定扩散/离子迁移率。主体材料还将被各种客体离子和分子嵌入的能力表征，其化学和物理性能将使用X射线、电化学和电测量以及标准分析技术来确定。%沸石微孔材料的骨架主要包含氧化还原非活性元素铝和硅。从化学的角度来看，非常希望有一种包含氧化还原活性物种(如过渡金属)的骨架或由其构建的骨架。此外，对于许多电化学应用来说，最好使用氧化物而不是硫化物，因为它们更容易处理，成本更低，而且对于储能来说，它们的电化学势更大。本项目的目标是合成具有开放结构的过渡金属氧化物材料，它可能具有铝硅酸盐沸石材料的一些性质和应用，具有新的应用前景，并具有潜在的电化学活性。

9422667 Whittingham Previous research by this investigator has established that new oxide intercalation hosts can be readily synthesized using hydrothermal techniques, and that changing the acidity or the cations present in the reaction medium dramatically determines the crystalline structure formed. By appropriate choice of reaction medium it is proposed to form new structures containing large tunnels or channels, similar to those found in aluminosilicate zeolites, that will offer unique properties for the materials chemistry. The feasibility of this approach has been demonstrated for tungsten and molybdenum oxides. Major emphasis in this project will be placed on vanadium and manganese oxides, and on a new titanium phosphate. Because enhanced diffusion in such materials are expected, the diffusion/ionic mobility will be determined. The host materials also will be characterized for their ability to be intercalated by a variety of guest ions and molecules, and their chemical and physical properties will be determined using x-ray, electrochemical, and electrical measurements and the standard analytical techniques. %%% Zeolitic microporous materials have frameworks containing mostly the redox inactive elements aluminum and silicon. From a chemical point of view it would be highly desirable to have a framework containing, or built from, redox active species such as transition metals. In addition, for many electrochemical applications it would be preferable to work with oxides rather than sulfides because of their greater ease of handling, lower cost and for energy storage their greater electrochemical potential. The goal of this project is to synthesize transition metal oxide materials with open structures, that might have some of the properties and applications of the aluminosilicate zeolitic materials, have novel applications and be potentially electrochemically active.