A Sensor Array for Real-Time Tracking of Moving Objects

这个小型企业创新研究第一阶段项目将开发一种计算传感器阵列，用于2D实时采集和跟踪移动对象。第一阶段原型系统在CMOSVLSI中实现，包括用于对比度(边缘)检测的具有阻性耦合的微凹、空间变化的光感受器(视网膜)阵列、用于测量中心凹阵列中的局部定向运动速度的电路以及用于获取和跟踪运动对象边界的电路。中心凹产生的速度信号与照明和对比度无关。传感器配备了适当的光学元件，安装在机电定位组件上，在跟踪模式下，该组件将目标和视网膜的相对速度设置为零。采集信号编码对比度在外围的时间变化的位置，并用于定位视网膜，从而将运动特征投影到中心凹上。视网膜和辅助电路被放置在一个芯片上，整个系统，包括定位机构，可以容纳在不到两立方英寸的体积中。

This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project shall develop a computational sensor array for 2D real-time acquisition and tracking of moving objects. The Phase I prototype system is implemented in CMOS VLSI and consists of a foveated, spatially variant array of photoreceptors (retina) with resistive coupling for contrast (edge) detection, circuits for the measurement of local, directional motion velocity in the foveal array and circuits for the acquisition and tracking of a moving object boundary. The velocity signal generated in the fovea is independent of illumination and contrast. The sensor is fitted with appropriate optics and mounted on an electromechanical positioning assembly which in tracking mode sets the relative velocity of the target and retina to zero. The acquisition signal codes the location of temporal changes of contrast in the periphery and serves to position the retina such that the moving feature is projected on the fovea. The retina and the ancillary circuits are placed on a single chip and the entire system, including the positioning mechanism, could be housed in a volume of less than two cubic inches.