Structure and Properties of Novel Forms of Carbon

9510093 Dresselhaus该项目的主要工作是对新报道的一种碳相和两种新型纳米碳材料的结构和性质进行基础研究。碳沸石是新发现的碳相之一，它似乎具有作为插层主体材料的特殊前景，并可能为理解碳相图提供独特的见解。利用电子显微镜、拉曼光谱和光学技术研究了碳酸钙石作为插层主体材料的结构和性能。拟议研究的一个主要重点是研究钾、钠和碘插层碳酸钙石的结构和性质；还将探索新插层的可能性。另一种被提议研究的新材料是锂插层到热解聚对苯撑(PPP)中，最近被证明可以实现异常高的锂吸收。第三种新型碳系统是掺碘活性碳纤维。活性碳纤维具有非常高的纳米尺寸孔密度，孔尺寸分布很窄。通过在这些孔中填充掺杂剂，例如不会嵌入到石墨中的碘，可以研究掺杂剂和碳表面之间的基本相互作用。提出了输运、磁化率、拉曼光谱和模拟研究。最近的发展表明，碳科学的三个领域可能会取得重大进展，这些领域大多是尚未探索的。碳沸石是新发现的(1994年)碳相之一，从科学和实践的角度来看，它似乎都具有作为插层主体材料的特殊前景。由于这些新材料在电子和光子应用中的重要意义，研究插层的科学基础和了解结构/性质关系的基本特征是很重要的。该项目的一个重要特点是在材料研究的一个基础和技术意义上对学生进行培训。***

9510093 Dresselhaus The main efforts of this project are directed toward fundamental studies of the structure and properties of a newly reported carbon phase and two novel nanoscale carbon materials. Carbolite, one of the newly discovered carbon phases, appears to have exceptional promise as a host material for intercalation, and may provide unique insights into understanding the carbon phase diagram. Study of the structure and properties of carbolite as a host material for intercalation is proposed using electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and optical techniques. A main focus of the proposed research is the study of the structure and properties of potassium, sodium, and iodine intercalated carbolite; the possibility of new intercalates will also be pursued. Another novel material proposed for study is lithium intercalated into pyrolyzed poly(paraphenylene) (PPP) which has recently been shown to permit unusually high lithium uptakes. A third novel carbon system is iodine-doped activated carbon fibers. Activated carbon fibers have a very high density of nanometer size pores with a narrow distribution of pore sizes. By filling these pores with dopants, such as iodine which does not intercalate into graphite, basic interactions between dopants and carbon surfaces can be studied. Transport, susceptibility, Raman spectroscopy and modeling studies are proposed. %%% Recent developments indicate the possibility for major advances in three, mostly unexplored areas of carbon science. Carbolite, one of the newly discovered (1994) carbon phases, appears to have exceptional promise as a host material for intercalation, from both a scientific and practical point of view. Because of the significance of these new materials for electronic and photonic applications, it is important to study the scientific basis of intercalation, and to understand fundamental features of structure/property relationships. An important feature of the program is the training of students in a fundamentally and tech nologically significant area of materials research. ***