Doctoral Dissertation Research: Bacteriology and the Medical Inspection of Immigrants, 1891 to 1930

博士论文研究方向：“细菌学与移民医学检验”该项目考察了细菌学对美国移民政策的影响。更具体地说，它通过对美国边境医疗检查的历史考察，审视了细菌学、移民和国籍的交集，这是美国捍卫和定义自己的地方。细菌学提供了传染病和个人病理学的现代医学语言，用于从国家安全的角度定义疾病。特定移民群体的病理特征被用于一种微妙而复杂的计算，不仅用于确定应排除哪些疾病或状况，而且还用于确定应将哪些民族排除在“国家主体”之外。这个项目将通过三个重叠的组成部分来追溯细菌学对疾病、移民和国家的构建至关重要的论点。首先，该项目将通过对美国所有港口年度移民数据的统计分析，并辅以对东部、西部和墨西哥湾沿岸选定港口的案例研究，记录医疗检查和排除方面的差异。第二，该项目通过分析用于医疗诊断和排斥移民的疾病类别，描述了细菌学在形成对疾病及其携带者的科学和社会理解方面的作用。最后，该项目将细菌学置于国际背景下，探索其在控制加拿大和墨西哥移民方面的比较意义及其在有关这些各自边界的国际谈判中的作用。

SBR-9520709 Doctoral Dissertation Research: "Bacteriology and the Medical Inspection of Immigrants." This project examines the impact of bacteriology on immigration policy in the U.S. More particularly, it looks at the intersection of bacteriology, immigration, and nationality through the historical examination of medical inspection at American borders, the points at which the nation defended and defined itself. Bacteriology provided a modern medical language of contagion and personal pathology that was used to define disease in terms of national safety. The pathological characteristics ascribed in particular immigrant groups were used in a subtle and complex calculus for defining not simply which diseases or conditions should be excluded, but which peoples should be excluded from the "national body." This project will trace the thesis that bacteriology was essential to the construction of disease, immigrant, and nation through three overlapping components. First, this project will document differences in medical inspection and exclusion by statistical analysis of annual immigration data for all U.S. ports, supplemented by case studies of selected ports along the East, West, and Gulf Coasts. Second, the project describes bacteriology's role in shaping scientific and social understandings of disease and its carriers through an analysis of the disease categories used for the medical diagnosis and exclusion of immigrants. Finally, the project places bacteriology in an international context by exploring its comparative significance in controlling immigration to Canada and Mexico and its role in international negotiations regarding these respective borders.