Warm Water Entry and Transformation Within the Subpolar North Atlantic

9529606 麦卡特尼 在本项目中，来自伍兹霍尔和斯克里普斯的PI将进行水文测量， 环绕北大西洋次极地环流（SPG）大部分区域的巡航 在格陵兰岛和亚速尔群岛之间。 水文地理学将成为 更大的研究SPG的流通，其中自治， 地下浮标将监测地下水流和上层 温度和盐度结构在两年的时间。 第一部分 将在1996年秋季使用，届时将部署彩车， 将使用船载声学多普勒海流监测海流 侧写员 第二部分将于1997年春季入住， 将包括一整套化学示踪剂，以评估冬季的影响， 时间混合 主要目标是研究厚层的转化 在冬季，上层相对温暖的海水， 描述了这种转变是如何嵌入到大气环流中的， 北大西洋海流和SPG，并检查向东的分支 从北大西洋洋流流入SPG的亚热带水。 还应注意上层和中层沃茨的夹带 进入深溢流，中层和深层沃茨的再循环， 北大西洋副极地和整个大西洋年代际变化的分布 与历史数据比较。

9529606 McCartney In this project PIs from Woods Hole and Scripps will carry out hydrographic cruises enclosing a large portion of the North Atlantic Sub Polar Gyre (SPG) between Greenland and the Azores. The hydrography will form the base of a much larger study of the circulation of the SPG, in which autonomous, subsurface floats will monitor both subsurface currents and the upper layer temperature and salinity structure over a two-year period. The first section will be occupied during the fall of 1996, in which floats will be deployed, and currents will be monitored using shipboard Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers. The second section will be occupied in the Spring of 1997, and will include a full suite of chemical tracers to assess the effects of winter time mixing. The principal goals are to study the transformation of the thick upper layer of relatively warm water over the course of the winter, to describe how that transformation is embedded in the general circulation of the North Atlantic Current and SPG, and to examine the branching of eastward flowing subtropical water from the North Atlantic Current into the SPG. Attention will also be paid to entrainment of upper and intermediate waters into deep overflows, the recirculation of intermediate and deep waters in the subpolar North Atlantic and the distribution of decadal changes throughout the subpolar region by comparison with historic data.