Management and Scientific Services in Support of the U.S. JGOFS Southern Ocean Study: Nutrients

95-30382 Smith 该研究项目是美国联合全球海洋通量研究（JGOFS）南大洋计划的一部分，旨在（1）更好地了解南大洋有机和无机碳通量，（2）确定调节这些通量的大小和变化的物理，生态和生物地球化学因素和过程，（3）将这些通量置于当代全球碳循环的背景下。 JGOFS的总体目标是确定和了解控制随时间变化的碳和相关生物元素通量的过程，并预测海洋生物地球化学过程对气候变化的反应。 南大洋在全球碳循环中至关重要，这是根据其规模和其中发生的物理过程来判断的（例如，深水和中层水的形成），但其目前的定量作用是不确定的。 南大洋研究的联合全球海洋观测系统目标如下： 1)来限制碳的流动（有机和无机）并将这些通量置于当代碳循环的背景下; 2）确定调节初级生产力的大小和变化以及生物源物质命运的因素和过程; 3）确定南大洋对自然气候扰动的反应;（4）预测南大洋对气候变化的响应。 为了成功地解决这些目标，一个大型的现场项目已经设计，以提供各种调查人员的机会，以测试与这些广泛定义的目标有关的具体假设。 我们预计实地试验将于1996年9月开始，并使用两艘船，R. V. Palmer和R. V. Thompson，持续到1998年3月。 由于大多数调查人员将使用这些航行中的水文和营养数据，本提案要求提供资金，以支持对这13次航行中的营养浓度进行分析。 已召集了一个由各机构的海洋学专家组成的小组来完成这些分析;此外，将仔细检查数据中的错误，并及时提供给项目的所有PI以及有关的海洋学数据储存设施。 利用阿拉伯海联合全球海洋观测系统研究的成功模型，将水文学和取芯组放在一起，并与营养数据（在另一项提案中得到支持）一起，构成南大洋联合全球海洋观测系统数据库的一大部分，实地调查人员和建模人员将利用该数据库澄清南大洋在全球碳循环中的作用。

95-30382 Smith This research project is part of the US Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) Southern Ocean Program aimed at (1) a better understanding of the fluxes of carbon, both organic and inorganic, in the Southern Ocean, (2) identifying the physical, ecological and biogeochemical factors and processes which regulate the magnitude and variability of these fluxes, and (3) placing these fluxes into the context of the contemporary global carbon cycle. The overall objectives of JGOFS are to determine and understand processes controlling the time-varying fluxes of carbon and associated biogenic elements, and to predict the response of marine biogeochemical processes to climate change. The Southern Ocean is critical in the global carbon cycle, as judged by its size and the physical processes which occur in it (e.g., deep and intermediate water formation), but its present quantitative role is uncertain. JGOFS objectives for the Southern Ocean study are as follows: 1) to constrain the fluxes of carbon (organic and inorganic) and to place these fluxes in the context of the contemporary carbon cycle; 2) to identify the factors and processes which regulate the magnitude and variability of primary productivity and the fate of biogenic matter; 3) to determine the response of the Southern Ocean to natural climate perturbations; and 4) to predict the response of the Southern Ocean to climate change. In order to successfully address these objectives, a large field program has been designed to provide various investigators the opportunity to test specific hypotheses which relate to these broadly-defined objectives. We expect the field test to begin in September 1996, and last through March 1998 using two ships, the R.V. Palmer, and the R.V. Thompson. As most of the investigators will use hydrographic and nutrient data from these cruises, this proposal requests funds for the support of the analysis of nutrient concentrations during these thirteen cruis es. A team of oceanographic experts from a variety of institutions has been assembled to complete these analyses; furthermore, the data will be scrutinized for errors and provided in a timely fashion to all PI's in the project, as well as to the relevant oceanographic data storage facilities. The hydrography and coring groups have been put together using the successful model for the Arabian Sea JGOFS study, and in conjunction with the nutrient data (supported under a separate proposal), will form a large portion of the Southern Ocean JGOFS database which both field investigators and modelers will use to clarify the role of the Southern Ocean in the global carbon cycle.