Instrumentation and Laboratory Improvement in Biomechanics

学习基本机械原理的本科生能够直接观察到运动的几何形状（运动学），然而，引起运动的内外力和力矩（动力学）是看不见的。实时显示运动学和动力学传感器数据以及肌肉激活模式（EMG）将允许学生主动修改系统的动力学输入，并立即可视化负责人体运动的内外部力量的复杂相互作用。该项目实现了先前开发和测试的即时动态反馈系统（IKF），可将传感器信号直接实时叠加到视频图像上。对选定的传感器数据进行检查，同时采样并记录到录像带上，使学生能够在现实的人类与环境的相互作用中立即可视化机械关系。位于中心的数字化工作站使学生能够独立于实验室实验过程中创建的视频图像获取选定的定量数据。还可以分析来自其他基于视频的来源的补充信息，以提供比较的基础。因此，大部分实验室时间用于发现而不是数据管理，使用定制程序简化了实验数据的数字化、处理和呈现。该项目开发的cd - rom、录像带和实验手册使在其他机构学习力学的学生无需必要的仪器就能直接观察运动的因果关系。

Undergraduate students studying basic mechanical principles are able to observe the geometry of movements (kinematics) directly however, the internal and external forces and moments (kinetics) causing the motion are invisible. Real-time display of the kinematic and kinetic transducer data and muscle activation patterns (EMG) would allow students to actively modify kinetic inputs to the system and immediately visualize the complex interaction of internal and external forces responsible for human body motion. This project implements a previously developed and tested immediate kinetic feedback system (IKF) that provides real-time overlay of transducer signals directly onto video images. Examination of selected transducer data simultaneously sampled and recorded onto video tape enables students to visualize mechanical relationships immediately during realistic human interactions with the environment. A centrally located digitizing station enables students to acquire selected quantitative data independently from the video images created during laboratory experimentation. Supplemental information from other video based sources may also be analyzed to provide a basis of comparison. So that the majority of the laboratory time is devoted to discovery rather than data management, digitizing, processing, and presentation of experimental data are being streamlined using custom programs. CD-ROMs, video tapes, and lab manuals developed from this project enable students studying mechanics in other institutions without the required instrumentation, to observe cause-effect relationships governing movement directly.