U.S.-NIS Clearinghouse for Developing the Infrastructure of Science and Technology in the Former Soviet Union

该奖项授予美国科学促进会（AAAS），以表彰其“在前苏联发展科学技术基础设施的交流中心”。在过去两年中，美国科学促进会、美国科学促进会附属学会及其在前苏联新独立国家（NIS）的同行一直在实施一项计划，以加强这些国家的科学基础设施建设活动。该计划的目标是：(1)协助国家情报机构的同行发展基于竞争、同行评议和民主规范的科学机构决策过程，并促进科学的进步和公众对科学问题的理解；(2)鼓励发展非政府科学社团，其成员涵盖科学界的研究、教育和工业部门；(3)增进美国科学家对国家情报系统科学的了解，促进美国和国家情报系统科学家之间的合作，包括科学信息的公开交流。美国科学促进会还作为美国和欧洲其他项目的信息交流中心，促进对这些项目的更好协调和理解。许多新兴国家的经济限制和封闭的文化导致了科学界的重大分歧和困难，阻碍了它向更接近西方规范的机构发展。美国科学促进会计划在明年继续并加强其在该地区的基础设施建设活动，方法是：(1)举办两次关于提案写作技巧的讲习班和两次关于项目管理和评价的后续讲习班；(2)通过增加5个研究金，并对其中一些研究金提供长期支持，以协助建立可持续的非政府科学学会，从而协助非政府科学学会的发展；(3)通过继续以书面和电子形式收集和传播有关美国和欧洲在国情院国家的科学和技术计划以及有关国情院科学机构及其活动的信息，加强其情报中心功能。该信息交换中心实现了将美国和国家情报院的顶尖专家聚集在一起的项目目标，在平等、互惠和互利的基础上，在共同感兴趣和能力强的领域结合互补的努力和能力。?？

INT-9602057 Kirk This award to the American Association for the Advancement of Science AAAS is for a "Clearinghouse for Developing the Infrastructure of Science and Technology in the Former Soviet Union". For the past two years, AAAS, AAAS affiliated societies, and their counterparts in the newly independent states (NIS) of the former Soviet Union have been implementing a program to enhance scientific infrastructure-building activities in these states. The goals of this program are to: (1) assist NIS counterparts in development of decision-making processes in science institutions which are based on competition, peer review, and democratic norms, and which promote the advancement of science and the public understanding of scientific issues; (2) encourage the development of nongovernmental scientific societies whose members cut across research, educational, and industrial sectors of the scientific community; and (3) enhance US scientists' understanding of NIS science and promote cooperation between US and NIS scientists including the open exchange of scientific information. AAAS has also been acting as a clearinghouse of information about other US and European programs in NIS states to foster better coordination and understanding of these efforts. Economic constraints and the closed culture of many of these new states have resulted in major divisions and difficulties in the scientific community and have impeded its progress toward institutions more akin to Western norms. AAAS plans to continue and intensify its infrastructure-building activities in this region over the next year by: (1) Conducting two workshops on proposal-writing skills and two follow-on workshops on project management and evaluation; (2) Assisting in the development of nongovernmental scientific societies through five additional fellowships and by supporting some of these fellows on a longer-term basis to assist in the establishment of sustainable nongovernmental scientific societies; and (3) intensifying its cl earinghouse function by continuing to collect and disseminate information, in written and electronic form, on US and European scientific and technical programs in NIS states and on NIS science institutions and their activities. This clearinghouse fulfills the program objectives of bringing together leading experts in the U.S. and the NIS to combine complementary efforts and capabilities in areas of strong mutual interest and competence on the basis of equality, reciprocity, and mutuality of benefit. ??