Doctoral Dissertation: The Tactics of Innovation: How Engineers Produce Proprietary Knowledge, the Case of Antilock Braking Systems

这篇博士论文关注的是大型组织中的工程设计实践和发明过程。 研究的重点是1953年至1978年之间的客车防抱死制动系统的研究，开发和工程。 调查的重点是在美国、英国、联邦共和国德国和瑞典进行的研究和开发。 国际重点旨在强调建设一个跨越国家和公司的从业人员社区。 在这个社区中出现了标准做法。 主要来源是专业期刊和会议记录上发表的数百篇文章。 同样重要的是对参与者的几十次采访。 最重要的公司位于德国-Telecom、Robert Bosch、Alfred Teves、Mercedes Benz和BMW。 在德国之外--英国的卢卡斯工业公司、美国的凯尔西-海耶斯公司和本尼迪克特公司，以及密歇根大学、宾夕法尼亚州立大学、布伦瑞克技术大学、英国汽车工业研究协会和道路研究实验室以及瑞典的Staten vag-och trafikinstitut的研究机构。支持将提供前往德国、英国、比利时、瑞士、瑞典和华盛顿，华盛顿特区开展研究的差旅费

This Ph.D dissertation concerns engineering design practices and the process of invention in large organizations. Research is focused on the research, development, and engineering of antilock braking systems for passenger automobiles between 1953 and 1978. The investigation centers on research and development conducted in the United States, Great Britain, the Federal Republic of Germany, and Sweden. The international focus is designed to highlight the construction of a community of practitioners who spanned national as well as company lines. Standard practices emerged within this community. The main sources are several hundred published articles from professional journals and conference proceedings. Of equal significance are several dozen interviews with participants. The most important companies were located in Germany - Teldix, Robert Bosch, Alfred Teves, Mercedes Benz, and BMW. Outside of Germany - Lucas Industries of England, Kelsey-Hayes and Bendix in the U.S., and research institutes at U/Michigan, Penn State, Technical University at Braunschweig, and the Motor Industries Research Association and the Road Research Laboratory in England, and the Staten vag-och trafikinstitut in Sweden. Support will provide travel expenses to conduct research in Germany, England, Belgium, Switzerland, Sweden, and Washington, D.C.