Doctoral Dissertation Research: The Origins of Ethnic Inequality among Jews in Israel

9625124这篇论文的改进研究考察了在以色列建国的头十年(1948年至1958年)移民到以色列的犹太男子中出现的种族不平等。以色列是独一无二的，因为它是由来自不同国家的大量集中移民形成的。尽管这些移民在教育和职业成就上存在显著差异，但出现了一种两极分化的社会结构，中东和北非犹太人在职业地位和对经济和政治资源的控制方面往往低于欧洲犹太人。利用以色列1961年的人口普查，这项研究将比较移民之前的职业和移民后的职业。具体地说，这项研究将调查种族、阶级和一些实际和文化资源的影响，这些资源使个人能够将先前的职业成就转化为以色列的职业成就。利用二手历史材料、关于以色列种族差距的学术和媒体出版物以及犹太复国主义著作，调查员将审查说明种族在以色列职业成就体系中所起作用的群体层面的过程。这项研究将增加我们的理论和实践知识，了解种族对个人机会的重要性，特定个人层面资源在打击种族歧视中的效用，阶级和种族在塑造宏观种族不平等中的相对作用，以及在种族竞争中对社会价值目标的自觉策略水平。****

9625124 Hout This Dissertation Improvement research examines the emergence of ethnic inequality among Jewish men who immigrated to Israel during the first ten years of statehood (1948-1958). Israel is unique because it was formed through massive, concentrated immigration form a variety of countries. Despite significant heterogeneity in educational and occupational attainments among these immigrants, a bifurcated social structure emerged, such that Middle Eastern and North African Jews tended to be lower in both occupational status and control of economic and political resources than European Jews. Using Israel's 1961 census, this research will compare occupation prior to immigration with occupation after immigration. Specifically, the research will investigate the effects of ethnicity, class and a number of practical and cultural resources that enables an individual to translate prior occupational attainment into occupational attainment in Israel. Using secondary historical materials, scholarly and media publications on Israel's ethnic gap, and Zionist writings, the investigator will examine the group-level processes that account for the role of ethnicity in Israel's occupational attainment system. This research will increase our theoretical and practical knowledge of the importance of ethnicity to individual opportunity, the utility of specific individual-level resources in combating ethnic discrimination, the relative roles of class and ethnicity in shaping macro-level ethnic inequality, and the level of conscious strategy present in ethnic competition for socially valued objects. ****