Analysis of the formation and function of different cell protrusion types during cell migration in vivo

细胞突起在细胞运动中起着核心作用。二维基质上组织培养细胞突起的形成和功能已经得到了广泛的分析。然而，越来越多的观察表明，三维环境中的细胞形成了更广泛的突起，其形成和功能目前还知之甚少。为了深入了解在活体细胞三维迁移过程中这些不同类型细胞突起的产生和功能，我们建议分析斑马鱼原肠发育过程中细胞突起的形成和中胚层和内胚层(中胚层)生殖层祖细胞的运动。为此，我们将(1)分析细胞骨架和细胞黏附在不同类型的祖细胞突起形成中的作用，(2)确定不同类型的突起在原肠形成期间祖细胞运动中的作用，(3)建立理论模型，基于特定的力学和粘附性前体细胞属性，预测不同类型细胞突起的形成。我们期望这项研究将为体内不同类型的细胞突起的形成和功能提供新的见解。

Cell protrusions play a central role in cell movement. The formation and function of cell protrusions in tissue culture cells on two-dimensional substrates has already been extensively analyzed. However, an increasing number of observations suggest that cells in three-dimensional environments form a much wider variety of protrusions, the formation and function of which is yet only poorly understood. To obtain insights into the generation and function of these different types of cell protrusions during threedimensional cell migration in vivo, we propose to analyze cell protrusion formation and movements of mesoderm and endoderm (mesendoderm) germ layer progenitor cells during zebrafish gastrulation. Towards this aim, we will (1) analyze the role of the cytoskeleton and cell adhesion in the formation of different types of progenitor cell protrusions, (2) determine the function of different protrusion types in progenitor cell movements during gastrulation, and (3) develop theoretical models that, based on the specific mechanical and adhesive progenitor cell properties, predict the formation of different cell protrusion types. We expect that this study wilt provide novel insights into the formation and function of different types of cellular protrusions for cell migration in vivo.