TRR 84: Innate Immunity of the Lung: Mechanisms of Pathogen Attack and Host Defence in Pneumonia

“具有大流行潜力的呼吸道病毒的出现构成了不断上升的医疗威胁”——我们在2017年的sfb - tr84提案中就有这样的表述！2019年，中国武汉出现了由SARS-CoV-2引起的新型人畜共患、呼吸道和肺部感染，导致了一场在全球范围内对健康和社会经济产生不可预测影响的大流行。自2010年以来，SFB-TR84目前处于第三个资助期，旨在破译感染和炎症期间肺部特异性机制和细胞相互作用，目标是开发治疗肺炎的新治疗理念。SFB-TR84建立了一个紧密的科学网络，由四个医学部门、几个基础科学研究所、罗伯特-科钦研究所和两个马克斯-普朗克研究所组成的高度认可的研究团队。SFB的科学目标、人员配备、高度的方法分析能力以及十年来的合作，为快速、一致地开展COVID-19研究奠定了良好基础。事实上，SFB成员已经发表了分析SARS-CoV-2和COVID-19不同方面的出版物，包括高影响力期刊（由SFB- tr84资助）：例如发表：1份《细胞》、2份《自然》、1份《Nat. Biotech》。（1个细胞“接受”）在疾病出现后的前9个月内。因此，我们申请资助SFB-TR84的“COVID-19额外年度”，利用我们建立的研究联盟来解读COVID-19的基本方面，从而为全球抗击COVID-19做出贡献。我们认为，这将极大地推动德国的SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19研究，因为目前在病毒学、临床和流行病学层面管理此次大流行的许多关键参与者都是SFB的一部分。能力范围从基本的SARS-CoV-2病毒学到人类SARS-CoV-2感染和宿主防御的分子原理，以及鉴定新的治疗靶点。DFG在“额外的COVID-19年”内资助这项研究，将有助于迅速获得关于病毒-宿主相互作用和疾病病理机制（包括免疫反应）的迫切需要的知识。这些知识对于开发针对COVID-19的疫苗和治疗方法至关重要，从而最终限制该病毒在全球的进一步传播。

“The emergence of respiratory viruses with pandemic potential poses a rising medical threat” – We had made this statement in our SFB-TR84-proposal in 2017! In 2019, a new zoonotic, respiratory tract and lung infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 emerged in Wuhan, China, leading to a pandemic with unpredicted health and socio-economic impact worldwide. Since 2010, the SFB-TR84, which is now in its 3rd funding period, aims to decipher lungspecific mechanisms and cellular interactions during infection and inflammation, with the goal of developing new therapeutic concepts for the treatment of pneumonia. The SFB-TR84 has established a tightly woven scientific network of highly recognized research teams comprising four medical departments, several basic science institutes, the Robert-Kochinstitute and two Max-Planck institutes. The scientific objectives of the SFB, its staffing, its high methodological-analytical competence and a decade of collaboration provide an excellent basis for rapid and consistent research on COVID-19. Indeed, the SFB members already contributed publications analysing different aspects of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, including highimpact journals (with SFB-TR84 funding: e.g. published: 1 x Cell, 2 x Nature, 1 x Nat. Biotech., and 1 x Cell “accepted”) within the first 9 months after emergence of the disease. We therefore apply for funding of a “COVID-19 extra-year” of the SFB-TR84 to use our established research consortium to decipher fundamental aspects of COVID-19 thereby contributing to the global fight against COVID-19. We feel that this will significantly drive SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 research in Germany, as many key players currently managing this pandemic at the virological, clinical and epidemiological level are part of this SFB. The competence ranges from basic SARS-CoV-2 virology to molecular principles of human SARS-CoV-2 infection and host defense and to identification of new therapeutic targets. Funding this research within an “additional COVID-19 year” by the DFG will help rapidly to gain the urgently needed knowledge on virus-host interactions and pathomechanisms of disease, including the immune responses. This knowledge is crucial for developing vaccines and therapeutics against COVID-19 to limit further global spread of the virus ultimately.