Dense Seismic Array Studies of Kilauea Volcano Hawaii

火山地震和震颤通常发生在火山爆发之前。然而，人们对这些特殊的信号知之甚少。为了增进我们的了解，1996年1月和1997年2月，一个由来自美国、日本和意大利的25名科学家和技术人员组成的国际小组与美国地质勘探局夏威夷火山观测站的工作人员一起，使用有史以来安装在火山上最多的地震仪器，对基拉韦厄火山进行了有史以来最详细的地震记录。1996年1月11日起，在夏威夷火山国家公园的基拉韦厄火山口及其附近安装了116台便携式地震仪，作为日美联合研究项目，记录火山地震和震颤。1996年2月1日，密集的网络记录了500多次地震，为基拉韦厄地震群提供了最好的记录。1997年2月，为实验第二阶段而设置的网络记录到第二次熔岩侵入。收集到的数据为了解与岩浆运输有关的地震提供了前所未有的机会。许多火山都发生过类似的事件，它们将有助于预测火山喷发。我们将研究：1)P波和s波层析成像，以了解火山的结构；2)阵列充分性，以找到放置仪器的最佳位置；3)现场响应和信号变异性，以了解火山的复杂性。由于我们的兴趣和专业知识，以及预期结果的广泛适用性，我们选择这些因素进行初步分析。

9725310 McNutt Volcanic earthquakes and tremor commonly precede volcanic eruptions. However, these special signals are poorly understood. To improve our understanding, an international team of 25 scientists and technicians from the United States, Japan, and Italy joined the staff of the U.S.G.S. Hawaiian Volcano Observatory in January 1996 and February 1997 to make the most detailed seismic recordings on Kilauea Volcano ever, using the largest total number of seismic instruments ever installed on a volcano. One hundred-sixteen portable seismographs were installed beginning January 11, 1996 in and near Kilauea Crater in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park as a joint Japan-United States research project to record volcanic earthquakes and tremor. On February 1, 1996, a swarm of over 500 earthquakes was recorded by the dense network, providing the best recording of an earthquake swarm at Kilauea. In February 1997, a second intrusion of molten rock was recorded by the networks in place for Phase II of the experiment. The data collected offer an unprecedented opportunity to understand earthquakes associated with magma transport. Similar events occur at many volcanoes and they will be useful to forecast eruptions. We will study: 1) P- and S-wave tomography to learn about the structure of the volcano, 2) array sufficiency to find the best places to locate instruments, and 3) site response and signal variability to understand volcanic complexity. These were chosen for initial analyses because of our interest and expertise and because of the broad applicability of the expected results.