Development of Upper-Ocean Aggregation Models Useful for Interpreting and Predicting Carbon Fluxes

摘要 了解从表层沃茨中去除碳的机制和速率仍然是全球海洋学通量联合研究的一个重要目标。 颗粒的形成和沉降是这种去除的重要过程。 表面沃茨中的大部分颗粒部分是以具有缓慢下沉速率的小细胞的形式。 为了使这些细胞更快地下沉，它们需要被包装成更大的颗粒。 动物粪便颗粒的产生提供了一种方法，聚集体的形成是另一种方法。 由于聚集体是沉积颗粒的主要形式，因此了解聚集体的形成和破坏过程对于JGOS实现其目标至关重要。 该提案将开发模型，以增加我们对影响有机物从表面混合层输出的过程的理解。 为此，这些模型将把联合收割机颗粒聚集模型与浮游生物食物网模型结合起来。 将使用JGOFS进程和时间序列研究的数据集来确定和改进模型预测碳输出的能力。 在JGOFS实地项目期间收集的数据将用于改进模型。 将模拟结果与JGOFS现场数据相结合，将增加我们对影响垂直输出通量的过程的理解，并提高使用模型进行通量预测的准确性。 这项工作的结果将大大提高我们准确描述有机物质从海洋表面到更深处的运动的能力。

ABSTRACT Understanding the mechanisms and rates of carbon removal from surface waters remains an important goal of the Joint Global Oceanographic Flux Study (JGOFS). Particle formation and sinking is an important process for such removal. Much of the particulate fraction in surface waters is in the form of small cells having slow sinking rates. For these cells to sink more rapidly, they need to be packaged into larger particles. Fecal pellet production by animals provides one way of doing this; aggregate formation another. Because aggregates are the dominant form of sedimenting particles, understanding the processes that form and destroy aggregates is crucial for JGOS to achieve its goal. This proposal will develop models to increase our understanding of the processes affecting organic matter export from the surface mixed layer. To this end, the models will combine particle aggregation models with plankton food web models. Data sets from the JGOFS process and time-series studies will be used to determine and refine the ability of the models to predict carbon export. Data collected during the JGOFS field programs will be used to refine the models. Combining the simulation results with JGOFS field data will increase our understanding of the processes affecting vertical export fluxes and improve the accuracy of flux predictions made using the models. The results of this work will increase significantly our ability to accurately describe the movement of organic material from the surface to the deeper parts of the ocean.