Quantum Fluctuations of the Order Parameter in Superconductors

9812340拉金这个奖是为了奖励超导体中量子涨落的研究。特别感兴趣的是量子涨落在二维超导薄膜和约瑟夫森结阵列中的作用。PI计划计算连续无序超导薄膜中转变温度抑制的平均场理论的量子修正。希望能与量子相变点周围临界区域的标度理论描述建立联系。将研究强超导涨落所产生的局域化效应。受最近约瑟夫森结阵列实验的启发，PI的目标是研究相互作用量子漩涡系统中的相变。对二维约瑟夫森阵列中的霍尔效应和涡旋电荷也将进行研究。两位PI，一位是超导理论的杰出资深专家，另一位是介观学领域的新星，将合作研究超越标准（BCS）超导理论的量子力学涨落效应的作用。与这些效应相关的现象在超导薄膜和超导颗粒阵列或岛上的实验中观察到，其中相邻的颗粒彼此弱耦合。对这些系统的研究可能会产生利用超导性的新电子器件技术。* * *

9812340 Larkin This award is for the study of quantum fluctuations in superconductors. Of particular interest is the role of quantum fluctuations in two-dimensional superconducting films and Josephson junction arrays. The PI's plan to calculate the quantum corrections to the mean-field theory of the transition temperature suppression in a continuous disordered superconducting film. It is hoped that a connection will be made to the scaling theory description of the critical region around the quantum phase transition point. Localization effects that occur for strong superconducting fluctuations will be studied. Motivated by recent experiments in Josephson junction arrays, the PI's aim to study phase transitions in systems of interacting quantum vortices. Investigations of the Hall effect and vortex charge in two-dimensional Josephson arrays will also be carried out. %%% Two PI's, one an eminent senior expert in the theory of superconductivity and the other a rising star in the field of mesoscopics will team up to study the role of quantum mechanical fluctuation effects that are beyond the standard (BCS) theory of superconductivity. Phenomena assocated with these effects are observed in experiments on superconducting thin films and on arrays of superconducting grains or islands, where neighboring grains are weakly coupled to each other. Research on these systems may give rise to new electronic device technologies that exploit superconductivity. ***